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H: Best practice to test (unit and integration) a neural network implementation I'm implementing my own neural network (with the term implementing i mean writing the code that run the neural network itself, not training). I implemented it for didactical purpose, but i does not know how to proceede for a validation of ...
H: Relation between amount of training samples and model depth? When I add more hidden layers to my CNN (e.g. Dense Layers) it seems that the model needs more training samples to produce good results for classes with few training samples. In the single layer case the model provided better results, even for classes wit...
H: In supervised learning, how to get info from correlation? I am trying to build a classification model so I have tried to check the correlation between the features. Here Loan_Status is my target variable. I just don't know how to extract information from this? Please help. I have questions like. Is -0.0047 corela...
H: How filters are made in a CNN? I am new to Data Science and CNN. My understanding of CNN is that: An image's pixel data is convoluted over with filters which extract features like edges and their position. This creates filter maps. Then we apply max pooling which will down sample the data. Then we feed this data t...
H: Recurrent neural network (LSTM) dimensions error I have data in a dataframe named ddf as follows: labels X L1 [1,2,3,7,8,9...] L1 [4,2,6,9,8,7...] ... L2 [5,6,8,9,6,3...] L2 [7,8,5,6,9,0...] ... There are 250 rows, 7 labels and 2000 elements in every list under X. These...
H: Clustering Customer Data I dont know if this kind of question is allowed but i kinda hit a wall. I know about some clustering algorithms. I already implemented Fuzzy C-Means and Gaussian Mixture Model, but I dont really know what's the efficient way to cluster customer data and there is no label at all. Since it's...
H: Missing Values in Classification I'm working on a classification problem. I'm trying to build a model which can predict if a bank client will get a loan or not. Some of clients have co-borrower and the majority don't. I also have information on co-borrowers like salary, etc. but as the majority of clients don't ha...
H: What is the immediate reward in value iteration? Suppose you're given an MDP where rewards are attributed for reaching a state, independently of the action. Then when doing value iteration: $$ V_{i+1} = \max_a \sum_{s'} P_a(s,s') (R_a(s,s') + \gamma V_i(s'))$$ what is $R_a(s,s')$ ? The problem I'm having is that t...
H: Question Related Numpy With Numpy, what’s the best way to compute the inner product of a vector of size 10 with each row in a matrix of size (5, 10)? AI: Here are a few ways, using some dummy data: In [1]: import numpy as np In [2]: a = np.random.randint(0, 10, (10,)) In [3]: b = np.random.randint(0, 10, (5, 10))...
H: How to make two parallel convolutional neural networks in Keras? I created two convolutional neural networks (CNN), and I want to make these networks work in parallel. Each network takes different type of images and they join in the last fully connected layer. How to do this? AI: You essentially need a multi-input...
H: saving the images to a folder with custom filenames I'm new to Python and need assistance. I am performing segmentation with my own medical data set. The test images in my folder are named like "1.0.2.34.56_1.png". I would like to remove the actual image extension and append the image names with "_mask.png". The cu...
H: Machine learning algorithm which gives multiple outputs from single input I need some help, i am working on a problem where i have the OCR of an image of an invoice and i want to extract certain data from it like invoice number, amount, date etc which is all present within the OCR. I tried with the classification m...
H: How to access substrings in pandas column and store it into new columns? I'm working on a dataset for building permits. In the dataset there is a column that gives the location (lattitude and longitude) for the building permit. The data in the location column look like this: 0 (37.785719256680785, -122.40852313...
H: Find ID for the name in the list from csv file in python The CSV file contains: ID,Name 1,AS 2,er 3,rtf 4,addfs The list contains the name for example (er,rtf) I want to find the ID's corresponding to these names mentioned above How to find the ID's using the Python code. Thanks in advance AI: This question should...
H: What does it mean if a high or low number of my componenets describe a percentage of the cumulative explained variance? In the following code run after PCA i can see that X number of components explain Y % of cumulative explained variance (CEV). I would like to know 1- What percentage of the CEV is typically accep...
H: Autoregression with multiple factors I am not sure if this is the right place to ask this question. Anyway, I am working on a Forecasting using spending data. Using autoregression, I am able to predict the following number decently well but I would like to improve this. I have two other factors that don't predict n...
H: how to transformation of row to column and column to row in python pandas? I have a large dataset I want to transform this dataset into this format I have try it through transpose but i couldn't figure out AI: Use pandas melt function. ##init dataframe df = pd.DataFrame({'item': ['a', 'a', 'a', 'b', 'b', 'b'], ...
H: Prediction on timeseries data using tensorflow I have an input and output of below format: (X) = [[ 0 1 2] [ 1 2 3]] y = [ 3 4 ] It's timeseries data. The task is to predict the next number. Basically, the input was crafted by the below snippet: def split_sequence(arr,timesteps): arr_len =...
H: Difference between bagging and boosting Can anyone explain me the basic difference between bagging and boosting and which technique can be used in which scenario? AI: Bagging: Also known as Bootstrap Aggregation is an ensemble method. First, we create random samples of the training data set (sub sets of training da...
H: Why does my LSTM perform better when randomizing training subset vs. standard batch training? I am training a simple LSTM network using Keras to predict time series values. It is a simple 2-layer LSTM. I get the best performance when I train on subsets of the training set that start at random points. Each subset ha...
H: Regularization in simple math explained I read a lot of articles online about how regularization works and most of them just show the equations with regularization terms but did not use example numbers to explain how the coefficient values change as lambda increase. For example: L1 Regularization theory states th...
H: Complex-Valued input to CNN I want to train a CNN. However, my input is images of size 100*100 with complex numbers. I have runned the model, but it failed and the loss didn't decrease. Then I found out that my because my inputs are complex, they are not able to train very good. Actually, I think the activation fun...
H: How to detect influence on behavior From a behavioral study data was extracted. The study was about how people change their eating behavior, following visual cues. There were to groups of people: One was shown visual cues and then it was recorded what they chose to eat and the other group was just shown random stuf...
H: pandas: How to impute the categorical column by the nearest neighbors? I've a categorical column with values such as right('r'), left('l') and straight('s'). I expect these to have a continuum periods in the data and want to impute nans with the most plausible value in the neighborhood. In the beginning of the inpu...
H: Free parameters in logistic regression When applying logistic regression, one is essentially applying the following function $1/(1 + e^{\beta x})$ to provide a decision boundary, where $\beta$ are a set of parameters that are learned by the algorithm, and $x$ is an input feature vector. This appears to be the gener...
H: packages installed after activating conda environment I want to know after creating and activating a conda environment in terminal. Say venv: conda create -n venv source activate venv Then the prompt will come with the enviroment name (venv). would the packages installed (say conda install tensorflow without --n...
H: Calculation of distance between samples in data mining I am confused about a little issue related to distance calculation. What I want to know is, while calculating the distance between samples in classification or regression, is the label or output class also used, or the distance is calculated using all other att...
H: Neural network recommendations if only few features Can there be some general recommendations for architecture of neural network if there are only a few features, say 2-5 features? What should be the number of hidden fully connected layers here? How many neurons may be there in each layer? Do number neurons in diff...
H: How can we use machine learning to distnguish between similarly looking images How can I build a model which can distinguish between Milk and Phenyl? I want to predict whether a given item is edible to eat or not. If I train a model with thousands of photos of Milk and Phenyl which are labelled, Won't the model get...
H: Can I call this graph as a gaussian? My program is a chatbot. It has rule to represent the state that user is talking to the bot at node level n. I have 1 to 9 nodes in the application. Here is the summary of each states 1 3331 2 695 3 1381 4 945 5 1754 6 5303 7 2235 8 1664 9 3844 Name:...
H: Mapping column values of one DataFrame to another DataFrame using a key with different header names I have two data frames df1 and df2 which look something like this. cat1 cat2 cat3 0 10 25 12 1 11 22 14 2 12 30 15 all_cats cat_codes 0 10 A 1 11 ...
H: How to interpret the mean for output clusters for expected-maximization? I am trying to cluster data using scikit's expectation-maximization. So I created two different data sets from a normal distribution which is I have shown in the graph below. The mean for each of the distribution is: Mean of distr-1: 0.003752...
H: Opensource Speech Recognition Library that is secure and trained on large data For all those who are working on developing a chatbot/assistant and care about the privacy of users consuming the speech recognition library, can you suggest an open souce library which is trained on a large data. Big concern is the priv...
H: What is the relation between input into LSTM and number of cells? I want to train an LSTM network for time-series predictions, and want to get to the bottom of LSTM's. In my understanding, the number of cells in a single LSTM layer can vary. However, since each cell takes an input at time-step t, wouldn't the numbe...
H: How to implement keras LSTM time series I am learning how to implement Keras LSTM on a simple time series data. The dataset I'm using has $12$ columns and $300k$ rows. Each group of $200$ rows represents one time-series cycle. Then, the time starts again from zero and run for the next $200$ rows. I want to make pr...
H: How to migrate R decision tree to Java I have trained a conditional inference decision tree in R using library party with function ctree and saved the model in an .Rda file. I need to migrate this model from R to Java so that I can utilise the tree to make predictions in a Java environment. Can someone please poin...
H: TypeError: unhashable type: 'numpy.ndarray' I'm trying to do a majority voting of the predictions of two deep learning models.The shape of both y_pred and vgg16_y_pred are (200,1) and type 'int64'. max_voting_pred = np.array([]) for i in range(0,len(X_test)): max_voting_pred = np.append(max_voting_pred, statist...
H: Does CNN take care of zoom in images? Suppose a convolution neural network is trained on small images of an object, say flower, as in following 3 training images: Will this CNN correctly classify if the same object is present in zoomed form in a test image? As in following example: What if the situation is reve...
H: Why is eulers number used as a constant in sigmoid I was asking myself why eulers number was used in the sigmoid function 1/(1+e^-x) instead of any other constant like for example 2 or 3? I am pretty new to data science stuff, but I read somerwhere that eulers number is the natural growth of a curve, so would this ...
H: AUC with sklearn vary each time script is started I'm using the following code to perform a tree classification. I set up an int value for random_state in train_test_split function but each time I got different values for auc or accuracy_score. I don't see what I am missing... X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = tr...
H: K-nearest neighbors complexity Why does the complexity of KNearest Neighbors increase with lower value of k? And when does the plot for k-nearest neighbor have smooth or complex decision boundary? Please explain in detail. And also , given a data instance to classify, does K-NN compute the probability of each possi...
H: How can we use Neural Networks for Decision Making intead of Bayesian networks or Desicion Trees? I am working on Decision Making in Self driving cars and I am wondering how I can use Neural networks (is there any type) ? that can repleace or mimic the bayesian networks or Decision Tree for Decision Making process ...
H: AI that maximizes the storage of rectangular parallelepipeds in a bigger parallelepiped As you can see in the title, I'm trying to program an AI in Java that would help someone optimize his storage. The user has to enter the size of his storage space (a box, a room, a warehouse etc...) and then enter the size of th...
H: training when Multiple labels per image I have multiple labels per image. is it better to train taking each each label separately or should i mark all the labels present as 1 in the same image? which method is better? i will be using CNN architecture AI: Assuming you want to classify the images (and not use boundin...
H: remove special character in a List or String Input_String is Text_Corpus of Jane Austen Book output Should be : ['to', 'be', 'or', 'not', 'to', 'be', 'that', 'is', 'the', 'question'] But getting this Output : ['to', 'be,', 'or', 'not', 'to', 'be:', 'that', 'is', 'the', 'question!'] AI: Regular expressions can be u...
H: Doubt with SVM math I have a question about SVM that some of you may help me with… I know that y(xi), by convention, would be -1 or 1 depending on which class the Xi belongs to. But I don't fully understand why it's stablished that the hyperplane equation should be: w·xi + b >= 1 or w·xi + b <= -1 Where do those "1...
H: How can I merge 2+ DataFrame objects without duplicating column names? This is for work. TLDR: Bottom-line question at the bottom. I am gathering and parsing test results produced by an old test setup whose output formatting is not likely to change anytime soon. I've made good progress on parsing the output data in...
H: how to split available data into training and testing (Information security) I was advised to ask my question here. Recently, I made a post about finding suitable dataset for SIEM (Security Information and Event Management) systems. The goal was to work on classification and correlation to detect security attacks. ...
H: C++ return array from function I would like to implement machine learning algorithm in C++ without using any C++ machine learning library. So I'm writing this initializer function for generating zero matrices but can't figure out how can I accomplish this. I'm actually trying to write C++ code for simple logistics ...
H: How to implement word to word Co-occurence matrix in python To implement co-occurence matrix in sucha a way that number of times word1 occured in context of word2 in neighbourhood of given value, lets say 5. There are 100 words and a list with 1000 sentences. So how can i calculate co-occurence matrix of size (100*...
H: Data Cleaning without pandas How can I clean a data csv file with the restriction of only using python and its standard library? No third party programmes such as pandas can be used. For example: removing a column from the dataset, correcting spelling mistakes, inconsistencies in data formatting, null entries etc. ...
H: Twitter tweet classification I am trying to do a small project on my own to find out job openings using twitter data. I saved data using flume and converted it to .csv for analysis. My problem is i don't know how to classify tweets, whether it is a job vacancy or just some news on say machine-learning.I read online...
H: What is the reason behind taking log transformation of few continuous variables? I have been doing a classification problem and I have read many people's code and tutorials. One thing I've noticed is that many people take np.log or log of continuous variable like loan_amount or applicant_income etc. I just want to...
H: Can I use xgboost on a dataset with 1000 rows for classification problem? I have used all types of classification algorithms on my dataset yet I couldn't improve my score no matter how I try. So I've read about Xgboost classifier. So I was wondering is it practical to use xgboost on a dataset with around 1000 rows....
H: how to create new columns in pandas using some rows of existing columns? i have a dataset like this my desire format is like this I tried using index slicing eg dll.loc[:4,'category'] = "CAPITAL FUND" dll.loc[5:10,'category'] = "BORROWING" but this idea is risky so is there any idea to solve this? AI: Instead of ...
H: I want to create an additional feature(column) based on some manipulation of values from existing features Consider my data-frame to be like this ('x','y','z' are features): I want to create a python function which will take an expression as a string (something like this: 'x+y-2z') and create a new feature by eval...
H: Need input on which features to drop in classification model This is the correlation of features with my target variables. I have done all the features engineering but I am left with these features. Any input on what columns to keep for model training and what to drop. Is there any criteria for dropping features t...
H: How to normalize data of a different nature? I am working a price prediction LTSM model for the stock market. I am using multiple features: Open, Close, High and I would like to add the Volume. The 3 first features are of the same nature but the volume presents much higher values. What would be the safest way to ke...
H: Stacking LSTM layers Can someone please tell me the difference between those stacked LSTM layers? First image is given in this question and second image is given in this article. So far what I learned about stacking LSTM layers was based on the second image. When you build layers of LSTM where output of one layer...
H: Multivariate VAR model: ValueError: x already contains a constant I have already read this question and the associated answer. I have removed any 'all zero' columns, as recommended in the answer. I have 3,169 columns remaining. datavals_no_con = datavals.loc[:, (datavals != datavals.iloc[0]).any()] I checked wheth...
H: How to choose PCA or KernelPCA a priori? I am learning about dimensionality reduction and I understood that one of the most used techniques in ML is PCA. If I understood correctly, I use PCA whenever I want to reduce the number of features which should be mostly linearly separable (independent ?). When the feature...
H: pandas: how to change the specific column as index and change index into various columns Hi I'm new to data science. Learning data science from course-era. I'm having pandas data frame as follows, time value A 9 5 A 8 4 A 7 3 B 9 3 B 8 2 B 7 1 C 9 3 C 8 ...
H: Post training classifier configuration I have a behaviours vector representing some identity. I need to binary classify [malicious or benign] each instance [ideally with a normalised severity score]. For that I can use a variety of linear classifiers/kernelized SVM/Random Forest etc... The issue is that once the cl...
H: I am getting a Type Error in this Line Diff = [i - j for i,j in zip(text_features, author_signature)] Diff is a List , text_features = [1, 2, 3] , author_signature = [3, 2, 1] AI: You must be getting a type error because the elements of text_features and/or author_signatures are not able to be subtracted in...
H: What's a difference between the neoperceptron and CNN? What's a difference (in terms of architecture) between the neoperceptron and CNN? Both ANNs have hidden layers and scanners, as I understood, but many sources subdivide them in two classes. AI: According to the research paper, neoperceptrons are a class of CNN ...
H: Is SVD non-linear while PCA (by eigendecompostion) is linear? I am quite confused because a colleague of mine recently told me that he preferred using SVD instead of PCA (by eigendecomposition) because, contrary to the latter, the former is non-linear so it can identify also some non-linear patterns. However, I can...
H: Classification method when idea conditions are known? Dataset: Concrete measured on 8 sets of properties. ~4000 data points. Known: under ideal condition, value of 8 properties for 10 different types of concrete. The objective is to find: in 8 dimension space, what is the 'type of concrete' to which the given data ...
H: Evaluation of linear regression model I want to evaluate the performance of my linear regression model. I have the true values of y (y-true). I am thinking of two way for evaluation but not sure which one is correct. Let's assume that we have 2 samples and each sample has two outputs as following: y_true = [[0.5,...
H: Is PCA (by eigendecomposition) or SVD better in decorrelating the predictors of a machine learning model? Is there any reason to think that SVD is better than PCA (by eigendecomposition) in decorrelating the predictors of a machine learning model? AI: To the best of my knowledge, the answer to your question is no. ...
H: Spectral clustering with heat kernel weight matrix I am studying normalized graph cuts, and one of the way to define weight matrix is using heat kernel, which is $W_{ij} = e^{\frac{−∥x_i − x_j∥^2}{σ^2}}$. I want to ask: what's the meaning of sigma? Does it affect on the partition of the data? How do we pick sigmas?...
H: Multi-Class Neural Networks | different features This may be a wrong question or something so feel free to correct me :). I have been studying neural networks for weeks now. I came across the multi-class classification model that uses neural networks. As we see in this picture, the model allows you to classify yo...
H: How to calculate temporary/periodic similarities of an increasing series in real time? Considering there are two series over time and new data is added in the series over a gap of n second . The series might have periodic similarity/dis-similarity within themselves. How to calculate correlation among the series val...
H: How to handle “not label Y” in a multi class machine learning problem? I have a train data set that comprises information in the form: feature 1, ..., feature N, label 1 x1, ..., xn, A 2 x1, ..., xn, B 3 x1, ..., xn, C ... 4 x1, ..., xn, not A 5 x1, ...
H: how to do Time Based splitting of Amazon fine food reviews dataset I want to do time-based splitting on Amazon food reviews dataset (https://www.kaggle.com/snap/amazon-fine-food-reviews ). But I don't understand the time format and also how can I divide the data after it is sorted according to time AI: Those dates ...
H: Can training examples with almost the same features but different output cause machine learning classification algorithms to perform poorly? We usually filter out features (columns) that have low correlation or no significant impact on target variable. How would an algorithm, being trained with high dimensional dat...
H: What are the techniques for anomaly detection of Unsupervised learning problem I have sufficient and properly formatted data in millions without labels. I have to find out the anomalies. Heard Isolation forest, Mahalanobis distance about identifying anomalies in unsupervised learning. Are these ok to try? Are thei...
H: How to derive the sum-of squares error function formula? I'm attending a Machine Learning course and I'm studying linear models for classification right now. Slides present approaches to learn linear discriminants (Least squares, Fisher's linear discriminant, Perceptron and SVM), more specifically, how to compute t...
H: What exactly does the model generation mean in this diagram? I've been trying to grasp a research paper on image colorization using neural networks here I am stuck at this diagram. What I need help on, is the Model Generation step after Feature extraction. What exactly do we do in this step? AI: A model is a simp...
H: Do we need to use off-policy methods for policy shaping? Let's say that there is a reinforcement learning task and an agent in a environment. I want a human teacher to manually modify the policy of the agent (policy shaping) to speed up the learning of the agent. Do I have to use off-policy methods or I can get awa...
H: Multi-label classification model in python? Assume you have the following artificial dataset import pandas as pd import numpy as np df = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(100, 4), columns=list('ABCD')) df['sex'] = [np.random.choice(['male', 'female']) for x in range(len(df))] df['weight'] = [np.random.choice(['underwe...
H: how to convert multiple columns into single columns in pandas? I have a dataframe like this my desire format is like this how can i do this? AI: Let's say you have the following data: import pandas as pd import numpy as np df = pd.DataFrame({'values': ['1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6'], 'month1': ...
H: How to compute the maximum likelihood hypothesis? The Bayes theorem states that: \begin{equation} P(h|D) = \frac{P(D|h)P(h)}{P(D)} \end{equation} where $D$ is the dataset and $h$ is an hypothesis from the hypothesis space $H$. Now (I'm not sure so if I'm wrong please correct me) I can consider: $P(h|D)$ = the pr...
H: How many Hidden Layers and Neurons should I use in an RNN? I am very new to neural networks and machine learning and I have been making a Bitcoin price predictor to learn it. I was wondering about the number of hidden layers I'd need in a recurrent neural net using LSTM cells. I have 60 inputs for 30 previous days...
H: How to tell if the “clusters” I see in my pair plots are statistically significant or occurring by random chance? I have a data set with one row per subject. Some variables include laboratory parameters for blood chemistry, hematology, etc. I also have some flag variables: any = 1 if the subject experienced an adve...
H: How to train f(x)=x*x using Artificial neural network? let's take some training data of size 100 x_input = [1,2,3,4,.....,100] y_label = [1,4,9,16,....,10000] Now, let's consider that we don't know the function f where f(x_input) = x_input2 How should we train it? AI: The answer to your question lies here. Personal...
H: Linear Regression in python with multiple outputs I have a time series dataset which represented as following: x=[ [12.19047619, 18.28571429, 6.0952381 ] , [ 80.98765432, 14.17283951, 11.13580247 ] , [ 50.82644628, 16.26446281, 9.14876033 ] , .... ] and to predicted --> Y = [13....
H: Folds in Cross validation I am performing 10-folds cross-validation to evaluate the performances of a series of models (variable selection + regression) with R. I created manually the folds with this code. At the moment I'm performing first variable selection, then hyperparameters tuning through cv, and finally te...
H: Is it better to use a MinMax or a Log Return normalization to predict stock price movements? I am trying to use a LSTM model to predict d+2 and d+3 closing prices. I am not sure whether I should normalize the data with a MixMax scaler (-1,+1) using the log return (P(n)-P(0))/P(0) for each sample I have tried qui...
H: How to save a Numpy array output of an autoencoder as an image I have a 256*256*3 numpy array "SP" out of an autoencoder decoder layer which I want to save and open as an .jpg image. I used something like the following python code snippets: img = Image.fromarray(SP, 'RGB') img.save('my.jpg') img.show() However I ...
H: Is it correct to use non-target values of test set to engineer new features for train set? Suppose, I have a dataset with a feature_1 value and a target value. Now, I want to engineer a new feature by creating relative value by subtracting mean from each value. Question: Can I (1) use feature_1 value of test set to...
H: Timeseries of odds in race - how to pick a model Being new to AI/ML I'd like some pointers to where to begin. I got data from horse races. Specifically, I got the odds for each runner during the race - ca 5 times per second. t1 r1 r2 r3 ... 1 5.25 2.04 3.25 2 5.10 2.50 2.75 ... I also know if the runner ...
H: How do I use a model after it's fitted to predict the class of a single string? After a model is built, how can I use it to predict the class of a single string? model.predict() is returning something like [[0.41100174 0.5889983 ]] instead of it's predicted class (0 or 1). Say I just built model like so: hist = mod...
H: .h5 file size is same before and after training? learner = ConvLearner.pretrained(arch, md, ps=0.5) #dropout 50% learner.load('ResNet34_256_1-2') learner.fit(lr,1) learner.save('ResNet34_256_1') h5 file in load and save is having same size. Should it increase after training? How do I know that saved model is bette...
H: TF-IDF Features vs Embedding Layer Have you guys tried to compare the performance of TF-IDF features* with a shallow neural network classifier vs a deep neural network models like an RNN that has an embedding layer with word embedding as weights next to the input layer? I tried this on a couple of tweet datasets an...
H: How can I combine two single-column datasets into a single Pandas data frame? I'd like to import the Rotten Tomatoes Movie Review dataset into a single data frame. How can I combine two datasets that are 1-column strings into a text, label shape? Here's where I'm at so far (you can duplicate in Google Colab) : impo...
H: Convolution and Cross Correlation in CNN What would be the intuition behind using the convolution and cross correlation operation inside Convolutional Neural Networks? I am interested in putting together the theory from Digital Image Processing where these 2x operations are defined, and CNNs. Could anyone help me c...
H: No accuracy in Keras RNN Model with Bitcoin Data I am very new to machine-learning and have made an RNN-LSTM model with no accuracy. My data has been normalized with MinMaxScaler from Sklearn and has a shape of has an input of shape (3, 2)... My normalization steps: def get_data(currency): url=f'https://coinma...
H: Can continuous variables decrease classification model accuracy? I have been playing around with titanic dataset. Here Fare column is a continous variable. I've read people stating that in a classification model it's best to have categorical variables than continous features. So I was wondering if I convert the age...
H: Example data source for educaional use I'm doing project on subject of affinity analysis for my statistical class in college. In order to complete it, I have to acquire sales database with at least 200-300 records, each containing list of products bought by single client. Are there any example sales databases avai...
H: how to take CSV file input in list of tuples I have a .txt(data.txt) file containing csv data like: X Class 15.0001 Yes 18.00 NO 17.07 Yes I need to make a function to return a list of tuples of each samples. So far I did: import csv def readAllData(str): with open(str,'r') as f: f.r...