doc_id
int64 10.5M
12.8M
| text
stringlengths 68
38.1k
| ipcr_labels
stringlengths 11
394
| section
stringclasses 5
values |
|---|---|---|---|
11,841,117
|
[invention] 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of separating microorganisms from a sample using ion exchange and a means for capturing microorganisms, a container for pretreating a sample containing microorganisms, and a device for separating microorganisms. 2. Description of the Related Art Methods of separating microorganisms from a sample include centrifugation and filtration. Further, in a method of concentrating and separating particular cells, the cells are allowed to bind specifically to receptors or ligands attached to a surface of a support. For example, an affinity chromatography method includes flowing a sample containing cells over a support to which antibodies capable of specifically binding to the cells are attached, thereby binding the cells to the antibodies and washing out unbound cells. Further, Korean Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2006-0068979 describes a cell separation system using an ultrasound field and traveling wave dielectrophoresis. The cell separation system includes a piezoelectric transducer, which is connected to both ends of an upper glass substrate and may convert an electric input from the outside into a mechanical vibration so as to be applied to the upper glass substrate; and electrodes which are arranged on a lower substrate parallel to the upper glass substrate, the number of the electrodes being N. A fluid containing cells can fill the space between the upper glass substrate and the lower substrate. Each of the electrodes is disposed in a vertical direction relative to the longitudinal direction of the piezoelectric transducer and all of the N electrodes are arranged at regular intervals along the longitudinal direction of the piezoelectric transducer. Thus, in the above methods, specific cells are selectively concentrated or separated from a sample using specific ligands or receptors immobilized on a solid substrate or using an external driving force. However, a method or a device for separating cells by using the properties of a solid support in itself and the conditions of a liquid medium have not been reported yet. Further, a method of removing materials preventing the cells from binding to the solid support using ion exchange in such a method has not been reported yet.
|
['C12N702' 'C12M100' 'C12N100' 'C12N114' 'C12N120']
|
background
|
12,454,412
|
[description] Overview FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a video delivery system 100, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the invention. Video delivery system 100 comprises channel loaders 120 which provide clients 148 with video streams they request. Optionally, a video on demand (VoD) server 144 stores video streams and provides them to channel loaders 120 upon requests. The video streams may be provided to clients 148 directly from channel loaders 120 or may be delivered through a quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) tuner 146, or other appropriate mediation unit. Channel loaders 120 may perform one or more statistical multiplexing tasks and/or may perform block replacement or selection tasks in fitting the video stream into available bandwidth on the connection 140 to the client 148, for example using any of the methods described in US patent publication 2006/0195881, titled Distributed Statistical Multiplexing of Multimedia”, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/217,836, titled: “Distributed Transcoding”, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/221,975 titled “Constant Bit Rate Video Stream” or US patent publication 2009/0052540, titled “Quality Based Video Encoding”, the disclosures of all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. In some embodiments, channel loaders 120 may perform size adjustment of video streams based on compression instructions received with the video stream. In these and/or other embodiments, channel loaders 120 may perform block discarding when necessary to meet bandwidth constraints. A network management unit 130 optionally manages routing of streams to clients in a manner which maximizes the video image quality, when multiple optional communication channels are available, for example when multiple QAMs 146 can be used to service a specific client 148. Network management unit 130 may also handle billing and/or other network tasks. In some embodiments, network management unit 130 performs request admission, deciding whether a channel loader 120 is to handle a new request or not, depending on the number of requests already handled and their properties. Alternatively, the request admission decisions are performed by the channel loaders 120. In some embodiments of the invention, video delivery system 100 comprises a preparation unit 104 adapted to encode video streams received on an input line 106, typically for storage in VoD server 144. Alternatively or additionally, preparation unit 104 assigns size measures to the video streams, for use by network management unit 130 and/or channel loaders 120 in admission decisions. System 100 may be used for real time video streams or for prestored video streams, for example in video on demand (VoD) services. When handling real time video streams, channel loader 120 generally processes the video stream a short time (for example less than 1 minute or even less than five seconds) after it is handled by preparation unit 104. In non-real-time embodiments, the handling by preparation unit 104 may be performed more than an hour, more than a day or even more than a week before the handling by channel loader 120. Clients 148 may be any suitable device for receiving video, including television sets, computers and cellular phones. Communication channel 140 may be configured in a wide variety of ways and may be of various technologies including a cable or satellite connection, a packet based (e.g., Internet) connection, a wireless connection or other connections suitable for video delivery. Communication channel 140 may be dedicated solely for video delivery or may be used for various communication tasks. Admission Decisions FIG. 2 is a flowchart of an admission method for determining whether to accept a request to provide a candidate video stream, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the invention. For each video stream handled by channel loader 120, one or more parameters of the bandwidth required for the video stream are managed (202). The parameters are optionally managed for each video stream, and represent the bandwidth required for each of a plurality of quality levels of the video stream. In a similar manner, the one or more parameters are determined (204) for the candidate video stream. The parameters of the currently handled video streams and the candidate video stream are compared (206) to predetermined requirements relating to one or more quality levels and based on the available bandwidth, to determine whether the available bandwidth can handle the currently handled video streams, with the candidate video stream, while still meeting the predetermined requirements. If (206) the requirements are met, the candidate video stream is admitted (208) for handling. Otherwise, the request for the video stream is rejected (210). In some embodiments, the parameter values are determined in advance for each video stream, for example by preparation unit 104, and are provided together with the request for admitting the video stream. Optionally, for video streams received without parameters, channel loader 120 determines the parameters on its own, or assigns default values. Parameters In some embodiments of the invention, the parameters of each video stream comprise values for a plurality of different quality levels. Optionally, the parameters include the average bandwidths of the video stream at a plurality of different quality levels. Optionally, the parameters additionally include for each quality level one or more values which represent the bandwidth variation of the video stream around the average over time, such as the variance over time and/or the standard deviation over time. Optionally, the predetermined requirements require that at any given time the chances that there will be sufficient bandwidth for delivery of the video stream are above a required predetermined threshold, for each quality level. In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, in which the requirements for all the video streams are the same, the determination of whether the predetermined requirements are met is performed once, on an aggregation of the parameters for the different video streams. For each quality level i=1, 2, 3 . . . n, an average bit rate μi(x) of the stream x at the quality level and a corresponding standard deviation σi(x), are provided. The averages μi(x) and standard deviations σi(x) of the streams to be provided together are summed to provide a combined
|
['G08C1500']
|
detailed_description
|
11,972,589
|
[invention] High-throughput purification to provide high-quality compounds for evaluation is an important part of combinatorial chemistry technology platforms. Typically, preparatory scale purification is employed with some form of detection (e.g., mass spectroscopic detection, ultraviolet/visible wavelength (UV/Vis) detection, luminescence, evaporative light-scattering (ELS) detection, refractive index (RI) detection, electrochemical detection, and/or chemiluminescence nitrogen (CLN) detection) to collect the fractions that contain the compounds of interest. Compounds to be purified are often presented to the purification system in 96 well deep well plates of standard footprint (e.g., 96 wells in twelve columns and eight rows). An ideal work flow would process a block of 96 unpurified compounds to provide a 96 well block of purified compounds and would involve a limited number of operations. For example, the unpurified compound at a particular position of a multiwell plate (e.g., A1) would be injected onto the purification system and separated, with the fraction containing the purified compound being collected in the corresponding position (e.g., A1) of the deep well collection block. However, many preparatory purification systems provide the compound of interest in a 2-10 mL fraction, while the volume of even a deep well plate is typically at most only 2.2-4 mL and many standard centrifugal vacuum concentrators require 20-30% of the collection vessel to remain empty to allow for solvent expansion under vacuum and/or spill-free sample processing. This necessitates several concentration, reconstitution, and transfer steps that can drastically increase the complexity of this process. The present invention overcomes the above noted difficulty by providing a temporarily increased (and optionally adjustable) capacity for sample processing regions such as e.g., the wells of a 96 well plate. A complete understanding of the invention will be obtained upon review of the following.
|
['B01L900' 'B04B712']
|
background
|
12,086,816
|
[description] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown by a way of example, and not limitation, in the accompanying figures, in which: FIG. 1 is a right-front perspective view showing an illustrative spring supported sleeper bunk in both a lowered or deployed position and in a substantially raised position; FIG. 2 a left-front perspective view showing a sleeper bunk similar to that shown in FIG. 1 in both a deployed position and a substantially raised position; FIG. 3 is a right-front perspective view showing an illustrative spring supported sleeper bunk similar to that shown in FIG. 1 in a lowered position; FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of a portion of a sleeper bunk similar to that shown in FIG. 1 as mounted within an illustrative vehicle; FIG. 5 is a side view of an illustrative spring that can be employed in illustrative embodiments of the present invention; FIG. 6 is a graph showing illustrative spring forces over the stroke of the spring in accordance with some illustrative embodiments; and FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating positional states of a spring mechanism in accordance with some illustrative and non-limiting embodiments.
|
['B60P3377']
|
detailed_description
|
12,247,763
|
Integrated Circuit [SEP] [abstract] According to an embodiment, an integrated circuit including a plurality of resistance changing memory cells is disclosed. Each memory cell includes a first electrode, a second electrode and resistance changing memory element arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode. A front surface area of an end section of the first electrode that faces the resistance changing memory element is smaller than a front surface area of an end section of the second electrode that faces the resistance changing memory element.
|
['H01L2900' 'H01L2100']
|
abstract
|
12,558,801
|
[claim] 1. A system for treating recirculating nutrients using floating media, wherein wastewater influent path is changed between a first mode and a second mode at a certain period of time interval, wherein the system comprises: a. the first mode where wastewater sequentially flows into a first anoxic tank and a second anoxic tank in which microorganism adsorbs organic matter contained in the wastewater, and then an aerobic tank in which the wastewater concentrating ammonia nitrogen, which has undergone the organic matter adsorption process, is nitrified by concentrated nitrifying bacteria, at a certain period of time interval; and b. a second mode where wastewater sequentially flows into the second anoxic tank and the first anoxic tank in which microorganism adsorb organic matter contained in the wastewater, and then an aerobic tank in which the wastewater concentrating ammonia nitrogen, which has undergone the organic matter adsorption process, is nitrified by concentrated nitrifying bacteria; and part of the wastewater that flows into the aerobic tank at the first mode and the second mode bypasses the first anoxic tank or the second anoxic tank; or part of the wastewater that flows from the aerobic tank into the first anoxic tank or from the aerobic tank into the second anoxic tank continuously bypasses the aerobic tank through an internal recirculation pump. 2. The system for treating recirculating nutrients using floating media according to claim 1, wherein: a. the first mode allows for internal recirculation at 1˜4 Q times the amount of influent from the aerobic tank to the second anoxic tank to enhance the denitrification efficiency; and b. the second mode allows for internal recirculation at 1˜4 Q times the amount of influent from the aerobic tank (3) to the first anoxic tank (1) to enhance the denitrification efficiency. 3. The system for treating recirculating nutrients using floating media according to claim 1, wherein the first and second anoxic tanks and the aerobic tank are filled with a floating media. 4. The system for treating recirculating nutrients using floating media according to claim 3, wherein: a. the floating media comprises EPP whose cell structure is a closed form and is flexible due to PP resin; and the floating media is shaped as a sphere, a bar, or a doughnut, whose specific surface area is increased as activated carbon is added to the EPP when the EPP is foamed. 5. The system for treating recirculating nutrients using floating media according to claim 3, wherein the floating media is manufactured in such a way that: a. polypropylene resin of 96.0-98.5 wt %, activated carbon of 1-2.5 wt % shaped as powder of 50-250 μm, sands of 0.5-1.5 wt % or 50-100 μm are mixed together and melted to produce resin beads; b. resin beads of 15.0-66.9 wt %, foam of 3-4 wt %, water of 30-80 wt %, and dispersant of 0.1-1 wt % are mixed together and stirred in a pressure-resistant container; the mixture is heated at a temperature of 147-156° C., under 1.3-3.5 kgf/cm2; and the melted mixture is discharged into the air through a nozzle and is foamed, wherein the particle size of the floating media is reduced from 4-6 mm to 2-3 mm, thereby increasing the specific surface area of the floating media, so that the conventional tank can be used in existing systems without the need for a new tank. 6. The system for treating recirculating nutrients using floating media according to claim 1, wherein a. the first and second anoxic tanks and the aerobic tank install partitions, shaped as a bar, a cross, a rectangle, or a diamond shape, thereunder horizontally or orthogonally alternatively, b. the partitions are operatively configured to easily break the floating media lump during the backwashing process, thereby enhancing the backwashing efficiency. 7. A system for treating recirculating nutrients using floating media, wherein a wastewater influent path is changed between a first mode and a second mode at a certain time interval, the system comprising: i. a first anoxic tank; ii. a second anoxic tank; iii. a n aerobic tank; iv. v. the first mode where wastewater sequentially flows into the first anoxic tank and the second anoxic tank in which microorganism adsorbs organic matter contained in the wastewater, and operatively configured that the wastewater flows into the aerobic tank in which the wastewater interacts with concentrating ammonia nitrogen, which has undergone the organic matter adsorption process, the wastewater is nitrified by the nitrifying bacteria, at a certain period of time interval; and vi. the second mode operatively configured such that wastewater sequentially flows into the second anoxic tank and the first anoxic tank in which microorganism adsorb organic matter contained in the wastewater, and then into the aerobic tank in which the wastewater interacts with ammonia nitrogen, which has undergone the organic matter adsorption process, is nitrified by concentrated nitrifying bacteria; and part of the wastewater that flows into the aerobic tank at the first mode and the second mode bypasses the first anoxic tank or the second anoxic tank; or part of the wastewater that flows from the aerobic tank into the first anoxic tank or from the aerobic tank into the second anoxic tank continuously bypasses the aerobic tank through an internal recirculation pump. 8. A method for treating recirculating nutrients using floating media, wherein a wastewater influent path is changed between a first mode and a second mode at a certain time interval, the method comprising the steps of: a. the first mode where wastewater sequentially flows into the first anoxic tank and the second anoxic tank in which microorganism adsorbs organic matter contained in the wastewater, and then into the aerobic tank in which the wastewater concentrating ammonia nitrogen, which has undergone the organic matter adsorption process, is nitrified by the nitrifying bacteria, at a certain period of time interval; and b. the second mode where wastewater sequentially flows into the second anoxic tank and the first anoxic tank in which microorganism adsorb organic matter contained in the wastewater, and then into
|
['C02F330' 'C02F308']
|
claim
|
12,216,517
|
[invention] 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to computerized statistical or combinatorial procedures and methods, and particularly to a facilities optimization method implemented on a computer for selecting efficient facility locations based on supply and demand laws. 2. Description of the Related Art Facility layout and planning is an important topic that has a wide variety of applications in real life. Both private and public sectors are often faced with problems involving facility layout decisions. Facility location, for example, is concerned with the finding the best locations for facilities based on supply-demand requirements. This problem has many applications in real life including locating retail stores, schools, hospitals, ambulance bases, fire stations, automatic teller machines, gas stations and wireless base stations. Design parameters of the facility location problem include how many facilities should be sited, where should each facility be located, how large each facility should be, and how should demand be allocated. Modeling of the facility location problem has been investigated widely in the literature. Persons having ordinary skill in the art have categorized the problem into different types of models including set covering, maximum covering, P-center and P-Median models. Models can also be planar, network, or discrete. Static as well as dynamic models are also considered in the literature. In static models the inputs to the problem do not change with time while in dynamic models, the inputs are dependent on time. Other categories of the location problem involve elastic versus inelastic demand, capacitated versus uncapacitated facility, deterministic versus probabilistic models. Different distance metrics are considered in these models, including the Manhattan (right-angle), Euclidean (straight-line), and l p metrics. Solution of the facility location problem has also been discussed extensively in the literature. Linear and integer programming are used widely to solve location problems. Other common approaches well known to practitioners of ordinary skill are used, including tabu search, simulated annealing and genetic algorithm. These approaches show a considerable amount of success in solving particular location problems. However, every one of these approaches has its own limitation. Some of these approaches are difficult to understand and implement, requiring an expert's input. In addition, the formulation of the problem in most of these methods is not straight-forward. Furthermore, they all tend to have high computation cost especially for problems with large dimension. Finally, a solution is not always guaranteed and may be sensitive to the modeling parameters. Thus, a facilities optimization method solving the aforementioned problems is desired.
|
['G06F1710']
|
background
|
11,213,106
|
[invention] This disclosure relates generally to the advertisement of goods and services to mobile units and more specifically to a method and system utilizing presentation slots to manage advertising and coupon presentation to mobile units. Traditionally, roadside billboards have acted as a means for advertising goods and services to travelers, including drivers, walkers, and bikers. This advertising outlet has been frequently used by restaurants, automobile dealers, convenience stores, hotels, hospitals, and other service industries and manufacturers to provide information on services or goods available, as well as the location of the advertiser. These businesses depend on customers responding to roadside advertising or observing the business in close proximity to the roadway. The advent of vehicles having vastly improved information delivery capabilities based on a combination of peer-to-peer technologies, such as 802.11 or DSRC, and cellular technologies, such as G3, may significantly expand the advertising options of service providers. For commercial reasons, it is very likely these new vehicle information capabilities will be used to deliver advertisements and implement other marketing strategies. This would be in addition to, and perhaps in association with, delivery of information on traffic, safety, weather, and other entertainment content. However, the capacity to deliver advertisements will vastly exceed the number of advertisements that will be welcome by vehicle users. To address the issue of limiting the distraction and irritation that would result if advertisements were delivered frequently, it would be useful to have a system that would limit the quantity and improve the quality of the advertisements received by individual vehicles.
|
['G06Q3000']
|
background
|
11,828,687
|
[invention] 1. Technical Field The present application relates generally to an improved data processing system and method. More specifically, the present application is directed to a method and procedure for detecting cable length in a storage subsystem with wide ports. 2. Description of Related Art In storage network systems, high speed serial differential interfaces are used to interconnect multiple storage components. For example, in BladeCenter® products from IBM Corporation, a serially attached SCSI (SAS) switch may be used to interconnect the server blades to external storage, such as a typical storage enclosure. The server blades may be directly connected to the SAS switch via an internal high speed fabric. The SAS switch is connected to the external storage via external SAS cables. Generally, multiple cable lengths are required for attaching storage at different distances from the SAS switch. The initial release of the first BladeCenter® storage product may require a “short” cable, such as three meters, and a “long” cable, such as eleven meters. Soon thereafter, the storage product may require longer cables, such as twenty meters. As the high speed interfaces increase in data rate speed, it becomes necessary to selectively adjust the transmitter/receiver characteristics, such as pre-emphasis and de-emphasis. With significantly disparate cable lengths, it is difficult to optimize the high speed interface for both short and long cables. Therefore, it becomes necessary to determine the cable length attached to each port of the SAS switch. Furthermore, some scenarios may occur in which a short cable is inadvertently, or possibly deliberately, replaced with a long cable. To accommodate the different cable lengths, created either by statically preplanned cabling procedures or by dynamically swapping cables in a customer location, it becomes necessary to dynamically determine cable lengths between a SAS switch and external storage. Several methods have been proposed and implemented in the prior art. For example, some fiber channel cables implement an embedded VPD (vital product data) circuit that includes cable length information. This has only been implemented with cables using small form factor pluggable (SFP) connections. Whether the cables are optical or copper, it remains that the necessary cable length information is implemented with some type of cable VPD, which is only accessible via some sort of out-of-band interface embedded within the high speed cable. Furthermore, very recent SAS cabling technology employs the notion of a “wide” port. A wide port consists of multiple lanes or physical transceiver elements (PHYs). Today, SFPs are designed for a single port. It is quite impractical to provide a wide SFP for optical ports. For example, a four-wide port would require four laser transmitters and four receivers. Using a wide SFP for copper cabling would be more likely, but a significant cost adder would be required. It should be noted that SFPs, whether optical or copper, require an out-of-band interface, something that is heretofore not standardized or implemented. A generally accepted bit error rate (BER) for high speed serial interfaces is 1×10 −12 (one error occurrence for every 10 12 bits that are transferred). Some things that can affect high speed signaling include impedance variation caused by unexpected electrical discontinuities along the transmission path, high speed driver/receiver circuit defects, improper mating contacts caused by bent or damaged connector pins, incomplete connector mating caused by mechanical or installation problems, and signal coupling between adjacent signal paths. Individual components are tested to a performance range, but tolerance buildup can cause attenuation beyond nominal design targets. Often, performance parameters are guaranteed by the manufacturing process controls and not 100% tested. Therefore, there is an exposure to maverick defects. Ideally, all the above problems are tested and verified by interconnect and subsystem manufacturers. However, often this is not the case, and such defects are introduced into the final system integration process. All the low speed circuitry (<1 GHz) can be adequately tested. The high speed circuitry must be carefully verified. A common technique is to wrap the high speed interfaces using a cable or wrap paths external to the subsystem; however, this does not cover the actual interface connections at the time of system integration. As subsystem components are integrated into a system, the parametric variance from the nominal may cause a communication failure across the high speed interface. Aggravating factors may include customer data pattern, printed circuit variations and parasitics, connector parasitics, cable length or cable discontinuities, and system environment. When a communication failure is detected, the system may try to retransmit the data or may employ error correction schemes. The price for transmission recovery may be realized in lost performance. Performance degradation may be measured in bit error rate (BER).
|
['G01B702']
|
background
|
11,870,774
|
[invention] Spools or reels are well known for transporting and storing bulk wire, cable and/or other wound material such as welding wire, electrical wire, bailing wire, and the like. A typical spool comprises a pair of spaced apart disc-shaped flanges joined by a central barrel. Wire or cable is spirally wound around the central barrel between the spaced flanges until the spool is filled with the appropriate amount of material. Filled spools can then be stacked atop one another for shipment, storage and subsequent use. When it is desired to dispense the wire or cable, it may be pulled progressively from the spool, which may be mounted on an arbor or spindle to rotate and thus pay out the wound material. If only a portion of the wire or cable is used, the free end of the remaining portion may be secured to one of the flanges of the reel, whereupon the spool can be stored for future use. Welding wire is one type of material that may be wound on to and dispensed from a spool. The spool is typically placed onto the arbor of a wire feeder where the coiled wire is fed to a drive motor and subsequently to a welding gun. One example of a welding process using spools in this manner may include Gas-Metal-Arc-Welding (GMAW). The welding wire or electrode may be continuously fed to the workpiece until the spool has been depleted of welding wire. One aspect in the use of spools to retain welding wire relates to how the product is identified. Welding wire requires proper labeling to identify not only the type of material included therein but also to identify product usage warnings. It is important for any label once applied to remain in place until all of the welding wire has been dispensed from the spool. Many labels applied to spools become dislodged from the surface of the spool to which they are applied and/or their edges frayed, making them susceptible to peeling. What is needed is a spool having a delineated area for receiving one or more labels that helps the labels stay in place once applied. Another aspect of welding wire spools pertains to how the welding wire is secured to the spool when not in use. Coiled welding wire has memory and a tendency to unravel when not secured or grounded to the spool or wire feeder. In some applications, welding wire is routed through holes in the spool to retain an end of the welding wire. However, the wire frequently pulls free from the holes in the spool thereby inadvertently unraveling, which may contact other welding components connected to the welding power supply. What is needed is an economical and reliable way to retain welding wire wound on the spools when not in use. Still another aspect of welding wire spools relates to the strength of the spool components. Plastics have become commonplace for the construction of articles like spools or reels. However, the manufacture of plastic spools by conventional forming techniques is complex and many of the currently available low-cost plastic spools are deficient in strength and durability. Higher strength plastic spools, on the other hand, frequently contain additional plastic material making them heavier and more expensive. What is needed is a spool design that minimizes the amount of material used in constructing the spool. Advancements in manufacturing have led to the increased use of automated technology. These advancements frequently utilize sensors that detect the presence and/or position of products used in the manufacturing process. Such use of sensors is also applied to the winding of welding wire on to spools. However, consistent and reliable data fed back from the sensors is necessary to ensure quality. This in part may be related to the construction of the spool itself. What is needed is a spool that can be used in conjunction with sensor technology to feedback reliable information used to control quality in the manufacturing process. The embodiments of the subject invention obviate the aforementioned problems of currently available spools used in the marketplace today.
|
['B65H4900']
|
background
|
12,024,753
|
[claim] 1. A circuit comprising: a global clock circuit capable of producing a primary timing signal; a local clock buffer circuit having a plurality of outputs, wherein the local clock buffer circuit is connected to the global clock circuit, and wherein the local clock buffer circuit is capable of producing a secondary timing signal based on the primary timing signal; a latch connected to the local clock buffer circuit, wherein the latch is capable of producing a select signal that controls which outputs of the plurality of outputs are active, and wherein only a third signal, based on the secondary timing signal, controls an operation of the latch. 2. The circuit of claim 1 wherein connection between the latch and the global clock is avoided. 3. The circuit of claim 1 wherein the third signal comprises the secondary timing signal. 4. The circuit of claim 1 wherein the third signal comprises an inverse of the secondary timing signal. 5. The circuit of claim 1 wherein the local clock buffer circuit is capable of holding the select signal at a constant value during a first half of a cycle of the local clock buffer circuit, and wherein the local clock buffer circuit is capable of allowing the select signal to change in a second half of the cycle. 6. The circuit of claim 1 wherein the local clock buffer circuit is capable of, responsive to clock activity being gated off due to de-assertion of a clock gate signal, holding the latch open. 7. The circuit of claim 1 wherein the local clock buffer circuit is laid out such that a capacitive load imposed by the latch is buffered by the local clock buffer circuit. 8. The circuit of claim 1 wherein the local clock buffer circuit is laid out such that switching activity of the signal controlling the latch is gated-off when the local clock buffer circuit is gated-off. 9. The circuit of claim 1 further comprising: a second local clock buffer circuit having a second plurality of outputs, wherein the second local clock buffer circuit is connected to the global clock circuit, and wherein second the local clock buffer circuit is capable of producing a second secondary timing signal based on the primary timing signal; a second latch connected to the second local clock buffer circuit, wherein the second latch is capable of producing a second select signal that controls which outputs of the second plurality of outputs are active, and wherein only a fourth signal, based on the second secondary timing signal, controls an operation of the second latch. 10. The circuit of claim 9 wherein the local clock buffer circuit is capable of generating the third signal and the fourth signal by combining the secondary timing signal and the second secondary timing signal. 11. The circuit 10 wherein the local clock buffer circuit is capable of combining by inputting the secondary timing signal and the second secondary timing signal into a NOR gate. 12. The circuit of claim 1 wherein the local clock buffer circuit is capable of, responsive to the secondary timing signal being low, avoiding clocking of a capacitance of the local clock buffer circuit. 13. A method for controlling operation of a latch connected to a local clock buffer circuit having a plurality of outputs, the method comprising: receiving in the local clock buffer circuit a primary timing signal generated by a global clock circuit; producing, by the local clock buffer circuit, a secondary timing signal based on the primary timing signal; producing, by the latch, a select signal, wherein the select signal controls which outputs of the plurality of outputs are active; and controlling operation of the latch using only a third signal, wherein the third signal is based on the secondary timing signal. 14. The method of claim 13 wherein the third signal comprises the secondary timing signal. 15. The method of claim 13 wherein the third signal comprises an inverse of the secondary timing signal. 16. The method of claim 13 further comprising: holding the select signal at a constant value during a first half of a cycle of the local clock buffer circuit; and allowing the select signal to change in a second half of the cycle. 17. The method of claim 13 further comprising: responsive to clock activity being gated off due to de-assertion of a clock gate signal, holding the latch open. 18. The method of claim 13 further comprising: producing, by a second local clock buffer circuit, a second secondary timing signal based on the primary timing signal; producing, by a second latch connected to the second local clock buffer, a second select signal, wherein the second select signal controls which outputs of a second plurality of outputs of the second local clock buffer are active; and controlling operation of the second latch using only a fourth signal, wherein the fourth signal is based on the second secondary timing signal. 19. The method of claim 18 further comprising: generating the third signal and the fourth signal by combining the secondary timing signal and the second secondary timing signal. 20. The method of claim 13 further comprising: responsive to the local clock buffer circuit being gated-off, gating off the switching activity of the signal controlling latch.
|
['G06F112']
|
claim
|
12,158,187
|
[summary] The present invention is directed to an adhesive tape assembly comprising a double-sided adhesive tape having a pressure sensitive adhesive (“PSA”) on each side thereof, and a delaminatable release liner attached to one or both outer adhesive surfaces of the double-sided adhesive tape. The adhesive tape assembly is capable of forming a roll of tape having superior roll stability (i.e., the rolls are less likely to fall apart when the roll is held suspended along its outer circumferential edge) compared to double coated tape rolls having two liners. In this way, the present invention satisfies the need for more stable rolls, especially more stable narrow planetary rolls of a tape assembly comprising a double-sided tape with a PSA on each side. The present invention also provides a double-sided PSA tape assembly that includes a delaminatable release liner, portions of which may be easily and efficiently removed in a step-wise order to apply the adhesive tape to one or more substrates. In one aspect of the present invention, an exemplary adhesive tape assembly comprises a double-sided adhesive tape comprising front and back adhesive sides, each of the adhesive sides comprising a pressure sensitive adhesive; and a delaminatable release liner in contact with, bonded to and readily removable from at least one of the adhesive sides, the delaminatable release liner comprising a first major release surface on an exposed side of the release liner, a second major release surface on an opposite side of the release liner, and a plane of weakness between the first and second major release surfaces, wherein the release liner can be readily delaminated lengthwise along the plane of weakness, between the first and second major release surfaces, so as to form a first delaminated layer and a second delaminated layer, with the first delaminated layer comprising the first major release surface and a first back side surface opposite the first major release surface, and the second delaminated layer comprising the second major release surface and a second back side surface opposite the second major release surface; wherein the adhesive tape assembly has (i) a first bond strength between the first back side surface and the second back side surface, and (iii) a second bond strength between the first major release surface and the front adhesive side, and wherein the second bond strength is lower than the first bond strength. In a further aspect of the present invention, an exemplary adhesive tape assembly comprises double-sided adhesive tape comprising front and back adhesive sides, wherein each of the adhesive sides comprises a pressure sensitive adhesive; a substrate, wherein the front adhesive side of the double-sided adhesive tape is permanently bonded to a surface of the substrate; and a delaminatable release liner in contact with, bonded to and readily removable from the back adhesive side of the double-sided adhesive tape, the delaminatable release liner comprising a first major release surface on one side of the release liner, a second major release surface on an opposite side of the release liner, and a plane of weakness between the first and second major release surfaces, wherein the release liner can be readily delaminated lengthwise along the plane of weakness, between the first and second major release surfaces, so as to form a first delaminated layer and a second delaminated layer, with the first delaminated layer comprising the first major release surface and a first back side surface opposite the first major release surface, and the second delaminated layer comprising the second major release surface and a second back side surface opposite the second major release surface, wherein the second major release surface is in contact with, bonded to and readily removable from the back adhesive side, and the first major release surface is exposed. The double-sided adhesive tape comprises front and back adhesive sides, with each of the adhesive sides comprising an acrylic or other suitable pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA). The adhesive tape can further comprise an acrylic or other suitable foam core with the front adhesive side and the back adhesive side forming opposite sides thereof. Each of the first backing layer and the second backing layer has a release material thereon in the form, for example, of an extruded or laminated layer or a coating in contact with, bonded to and readily removable from at least one of the adhesive sides of the tape. The adhesive tape assembly may further include a tab heat bonded or otherwise adhered to at least one of the first and second backing layers upon separation of the first backing layer from the second backing layer or vice versa. Each tab is operatively adapted (e.g., dimensioned) to facilitate removal of the backing layer it is bonded to from the adhesive tape by pulling on the tab. The adhesive tape assembly can have a width and be wound into a roll, with both release layers (i.e., the first and second release layers) of the delaminatable release liner contacting the outer adhesive surfaces of the adhesive tape with the resulting roll having an outer circumferential edge. As a result of the present invention, the diameter of the roll can be, for example, at least about 20 times the width of the roll, and the roll not fall apart when held suspended along the outer circumferential edge. In another aspect of the present invention, a method is provided for permanently adhering or otherwise applying a double-sided pressure sensitive adhesive tape to one or more surfaces such as, for example, a surface on a product such as, e.g., an interior or exterior body molding, a window pane, etc. that is to be adhered to a surface on a vehicle (e.g., a body part of an automobile, aircraft, watercraft, etc.) or a building, and other separate surfaces on opposing substrates, etc. The method comprises providing an adhesive tape assembly like that described above and herein; exposing the pressure sensitive adhesive of an adhesive side (e.g., by unwinding the adhesive tape assembly) along a length of the adhesive tape assembly; and
|
['C09J702' 'B32B3700']
|
summary
|
12,152,661
|
[description] In the drawings, identical reference numbers identify similar elements or acts. FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of a helicopter with a stabilizer system, in accordance with one illustrated embodiment. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the helicopter of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a side elevational view of a rear portion of a helicopter with a stabilizing system, according to one illustrated embodiment. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the rear portion of the helicopter taken along line 4-4 of FIG. 3. FIG. 5 is an elevational view of a tail boom and strakes along 5-5 of FIG. 4. FIG. 6 is an elevational view of the tail boom and strakes along 6-6 of FIG. 5. FIG. 7 is an isometric view of a vertical stabilizer, according to one illustrated embodiment. FIG. 8 is an isometric, partial exploded view of the vertical stabilizer of FIG. 7, according to one illustrated embodiment. FIG. 9 is a plan view of the vertical stabilizer taken along line 9-9 of FIG. 8, according to one illustrated embodiment. FIG. 10 is an isometric view of a trailing edge section for a vertical stabilizer, according to one illustrated embodiment. FIG. 11 is an isometric view of an upper portion of the trailing edge section of FIG. 10. FIG. 12 is a front elevational view of the upper portion of FIG. 11. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the upper portion of FIG. 12 taken along line 13-13. FIG. 14 is an isometric view of a vertical stabilizer with a V-shaped trailing edge, according to one illustrated embodiment. FIG. 15 shows a V-shaped trailing edge section separated from a main body of the vertical stabilizer, according to one illustrated embodiment. FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the V-shaped trailing edge section taken along line 16-16 of FIG. 15, according to one illustrated embodiment. FIG. 17 is an isometric view of a rounded trailing edge section ready to be coupled to the main body of the vertical stabilizer, according to one illustrated embodiment. FIG. 18 is an isometric view of the vertical stabilizer of FIG. 17 after the rounded trailing edge section is coupled to the main body. FIG. 19 is a side elevational view of a rear portion of a helicopter with a stabilizing system, according to one illustrated embodiment. FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view of a tail section and strakes of FIG. 19 taken along line 20-20. FIG. 21 is a side elevational view of a rear portion of a helicopter with a stabilizing system, according to one illustrated embodiment. FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view of a tail section and strakes of FIG. 21 taken along line 22-22. FIG. 23 is an elevational view of the tail section and strakes taken along 23-23 of FIG. 22. FIG. 24 is an elevational view of the tail section and strakes taken along 24-24 of FIG. 23. FIG. 25 shows azimuth angle versus a percent of left pedal used to maintain heading of an aircraft, according to one embodiment. FIG. 26 shows azimuth angle versus a percent of left pedal used to maintain heading of an aircraft, according to one embodiment.
|
['B64C500' 'B64C2782' 'B21D5388']
|
detailed_description
|
11,105,318
|
Quality of service admission control based on congestion of backhaul connection [SEP] [abstract] The present invention provides a method of communication using at least one base station and at least one switch. The method includes allocating at least one resource of at least one backhaul connection between said at least one base station and said at least one switch based upon at least one indication of congestion associated with said at least one backhaul connection.
|
['H04L1226']
|
abstract
|
11,535,680
|
[claim] 1. A method to match an autonomic manager with a manageable resource, the method comprising: using a management style profile to match the autonomic manager with the manageable resource; and validating that the autonomic manager can manage the manageable resource using a defined management style of the autonomic manager. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising: determining if each requirement of the manageable resource matches a capability of the autonomic manager; and determining if each requirement of the autonomic manager matches a capability of the manageable resource. 3. The method of claim 2, further comprising assigning the autonomic manager to the manageable resource in response to at least each requirement of the manageable resource matching a capability of the autonomic manager and each requirement of the autonomic manager matching a capability of the manageable resource. 4. The method of claim 2, further comprising advising a orchestrating manager that the autonomic manager is managing the manageable resource in response to at least each requirement of the manageable resource matching a capability of the autonomic manager and each requirement of the autonomic manager matching a capability of the manageable resource. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising setting a desired management style of the autonomic manager in response to a determination that the autonomic manager can manage the manageable resource. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein setting the desired management style of the autonomic manager comprises: calling any manageable resource operations that allow the autonomic manager to set any events the manageable resource should send to the autonomic manager; and designating the autonomic manager callout operations useable by the manageable resource. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising performing a preliminary analysis to determine which autonomic manager of a plurality of autonomic managers to assign to the manageable resource. 8. The method of claim 1, further comprising performing a dynamic analysis in response to assignment of the autonomic manager to the manageable resource. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein performing the dynamic analysis comprises obtaining information from a group of sources comprising at least the manageable resource. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein obtaining the information comprises: obtaining a web service-resource metadata descriptor (WS-RMD) document; and obtaining a web service descriptor language (WSDL) document. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein using the management style profile comprises using a set of metadata documents. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein using a set of metadata documents comprises: using a first set of metadata documents associated with the manageable resource, wherein the first set of metadata documents comprise a plurality of capabilities and requirements of the manageable resource; and using a second set of metadata documents associated with the autonomic manager, wherein the second set of metadata documents comprise a plurality of capabilities and requirements of the autonomic manager. 13. The method of claim 1, further comprising: analyzing a plurality of capabilities and requirements of the autonomic manager and the manageable resource; and determining that the autonomic manager can manage the manageable resource in response to a match between the capabilities and requirements of the autonomic manager and the manageable resource. 14. The method of claim 1, further comprising: setting a management style of the autonomic manager; and starting to manage the manageable resource in response to determining that the autonomic manager can manage the manageable resource. 15. A method to match an autonomous manager with a manageable resource, comprising: analyzing a plurality of capabilities and requirements of the autonomic manager and the manageable resource; determining that the autonomic manager can manage the manageable resource in response to a match between the capabilities and requirements of the autonomic manager and the manageable resource; setting a management style of the autonomic manager; and starting to manage the manageable resource in response to determining that the autonomic manager can manage the manageable resource. 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising using a management style profile to match the autonomic manager with the manageable resource. 17. The method of claim 15, further comprising using metadata to determine a match between the capabilities and requirements of the autonomic manager and the manageable resource. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein using metadata to determine a match between the capabilities and requirements of the autonomic manager and the manageable resource, comprises: using a first set of metadata documents associated with the manageable resource, wherein the first set of metadata documents comprise a plurality of capabilities and requirements for the manageable resource; and using a second set of metadata documents associated with the autonomic manager, wherein the second set of metadata documents comprise a plurality of capabilities and requirements for the autonomic manager. 19. The method of claim 15, further comprising: performing a preliminary analysis to determine which autonomic manager of a plurality of autonomic managers to assign to the manageable resource; and performing another analysis in response to assignment of the autonomic manager to the manageable resource. 20. A system to match an autonomic manager with a manageable resource, comprising: an orchestrating autonomic manager comprising: a module to perform a preliminary analysis to determine which of a plurality of autonomic managers to match with the manageable resource; and a module to assign the autonomic manager to manage the manageable resource based on results from the preliminary analysis. 21. The system of claim 20, wherein the autonomic manager assigned to manage the manageable resource is adapted to validate that the autonomic manager can manage the manageable resource using a defined management style of the autonomic manager. 22. The system of claim 20, wherein the autonomic manager assigned to manage the manageable resource is adapted to perform another analysis to match a plurality of capabilities and requirements of the autonomic manager and the manageable resource and to determine whether the autonomic manager can manage the manageable resource based on a match between the capabilities and requirements of the autonomic manager and the manageable resource. 23. The system of claim 20, further comprising a
|
['G06F15173']
|
claim
|
11,244,085
|
[claim] 1. A display apparatus comprising a display part to display a picture, the display apparatus further comprising: a signal processor to convert a video signal to have a format suitable for the display part; an anion generator to generate anions; and a controller to control the display part and the signal processor to display a picture corresponding to the video signal, and to control the anion generator to generate the anions. 2. The display apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a power supply to supply an electric power to the display part, the signal processor, and the anion generator; and an anion switching part to switch the electric power supplied from the power supply to the anion generator, wherein the controller controls the anion generator to generate the anions by controlling a switching operation of the anion switching part. 3. The display apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising: an anion indicator to indicate whether the anion generator generates the anions. 4. The display apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the anion indicator comprises a light emitting diode (LED) controlled by the controller to blink according to a determination of whether the anion generator generates the anions. 5. The display apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the controller controls the light emitting diode to change a color of a light emitted from the light emitting diode according to a determination of whether the anion generator generates the anions. 6. The display apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the anion indicator further comprises: an OSD generator controlled by the controller to display whether the anion generator generates the anions. 7. The display apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the anion generator comprises: a booster to boost the power supplied from the power supply via the anion switching part; a high voltage terminal to which high voltage outputted from the booster is applied; and a ground terminal spaced from the high voltage terminal. 8. The display apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a user input part to input a key signal to the controller according to operations of a user, wherein the controller controls the anion generator to generate the anions according to the key signal inputted from the user input part. 9. The display apparatus according to claim 8, further comprising: an OSD generator to display an OSD menu on the display part, wherein the controller controls the anion generator to generate the anions according to the key signal inputted through the OSD menu. 10. The display apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the controller controls the anion generator to periodically generate the anions. 11. The display apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the controller controls the anion generator to stop generating the anions when the display apparatus is changed into a power saving mode. 12. The display apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the controller determines whether the display apparatus is in the power saving mode, on the basis of a display power management signaling according to video electronics standards association (VESA) standards. 13. A display apparatus comprising: a display part to display a picture; a signal processor to convert a video signal to a picture having a format suitable for the display part; an anion generator to generate anions; a controller to control the display part, the signal processor and the anion generator; and an anion switching part which is controlled by the controller to switch the electric power supplied from the power supply to the anion generator. 14. The display apparatus according to claim 13, further comprising: an anion indicator to indicate whether the anion generator generates the anions. 15. The display apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the anion indicator comprises: a light emitting diode (LED) controlled by the controller to blink according to a determination of whether the anion generator generates the anions. 16. The display apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the controller controls the light emitting diode (LED) to change a color of a light emitted from the light emitting diode (LED) according to whether the anion generator generates the anions. 17. The display apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the anion indicator further comprises: an OSD generator controlled by the controller to display whether the anion generator generates the anions, on the display part. 18. The display apparatus according to claim 13, further comprising: a user input part to input a key signal to the controller, wherein the controller controls the anion generator to generate the anions according to the key signal inputted from the user input part. 19. The display apparatus according to claim 18, further comprising: an OSD generator to display an OSD menu on the display part, wherein the controller controls the anion generator to generate the anions according to the key signal inputted through the OSD menu. 20. The display apparatus according to claim 19, wherein the controller controls the anion generator to periodically generate the anions. 21. The display apparatus according to claim 19, wherein the controller controls the anion generator to stop generating the anions when the display apparatus is changed into a power saving mode. 22. The display apparatus according to claim 21, wherein the controller determines whether the display apparatus is in the power saving mode on the basis of a display power management signaling (DPMS) signal according to video electronics standards association (VESA) standards. 23. The display apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the anion generator comprises: a booster to boost the power supplied from the power supply via the anion switching part; a high voltage terminal to which high voltage outputted from the booster is applied; and a ground terminal spaced from the high voltage terminal. 24. The display apparatus according to claim 13, further comprising: an OSD generator controlled by the controller to display an OSD menu including at least one of an anion setting bar to turn on or off the anion generator, a period setting bar to adjust a period to turn on or off the anion generator,
|
['G02F1153']
|
claim
|
11,385,086
|
[summary] The present invention in accordance with one aspect thereof provides at least one extra pad, referred to herein as a height-sensing pad, on an integrated circuit die. In the illustrative embodiment, the present invention provides methods and apparatus for wire-bonding an integrated circuit during packaging. More particularly, the present invention provides methods and apparatus for determining appropriate pad height coordinates without causing damage to bond pads during the wire-bonding process. One aspect of the invention is a method for performing a wire-bonding operation in an integrated circuit, comprising the following steps. The positions of at least one height-sensing pad and at least one bond pad on a surface of an integrated circuit die are determined, where the height-sensing pad is electrically isolated from the die circuitry and the bond pad is electrically connected to the die circuitry. A bonding tool is then lowered to the height-sensing pad, and a height coordinate of the height-sensing pad is determined. Finally, the bond pad is wire-bonded to a lead of a leadframe utilizing the height coordinate of the height-sensing pad. An additional aspect of the invention relates to compensating for tilt of the integrated circuit die in the bonding tool. Height-sensing pads may be disposed on the surface of the integrated circuit die. The bonding tool may be lowered to each height-sensing pad in order to obtain height coordinates for each pad and thus the plane of the integrated circuit die. The bonding tool is then able to determine the tilt of the integrated circuit die in relation to the bonding tool. This tilt measurement is used in determining the position and height coordinates of the bond pads of the integrated circuit. Further, the height-sensing pads may be in close proximity to bond pads but more distant from active circuitry than the bond pads. Advantageously, the present invention eliminates yield loss caused by pad damage without any additional hardware and is easy to implement with any integrated circuit technology. Further, the height-sensing pads may be placed anywhere on the surface of the die. Determining the tilt of an integrated circuit die in a bonding tool is especially useful for a larger die. These and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of illustrative embodiments thereof, which is to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings.
|
['H01L2352']
|
summary
|
12,356,680
|
[description] The particular values and configurations discussed in these non-limiting examples can be varied and are cited merely to illustrate at least one embodiment and are not intended to limit the scope thereof. FIG. 1 illustrates a perspective three-dimensional view of a non-contact capacitive throttle control apparatus 100, which can be implemented in accordance with a preferred embodiment. Note that in FIGS. 1-9, identical or similar parts or elements are generally indicated by identical reference numerals. Preferably, the non-contact capacitive throttle control apparatus 100 includes a pair of electrodes 120 and 130 mounted thereon for position sensing. The non-contact capacitive throttle control apparatus 100 generally includes a throttle lever 140 associated with a handle 150. The throttle lever 140 associated with the handle 150 has a long, extended portion. The length of the handle 150 can be adjusted as well, depending on the preferences of different riders. The throttle lever 140 can be mounted on the handle bar 150 utilizing a torsion spring (not shown), which controls throttle of the engine. The non-contact capacitive throttle control apparatus 100 further includes a rotatable electrode 130 that can be mounted on the throttle lever 140. The throttle lever 140 rotates corresponding to the opening of a throttle valve (not shown) and is further provided with a stationary electrode 120. The stationary electrode 120 and the rotatable electrode 130 are preferably configured from, for example, copper or aluminum. It can be appreciated, of course, that other types of film may be utilized in place of the copper or aluminum, depending upon design considerations. The rotatable electrode 130 can be attached to the throttle lever 140 and it can rotate with the throttle lever 140. The capacitance between the rotatable electrode 130 and the stationary electrode 120 changes with the position of the throttle lever 140. The position of the throttle lever 140 can be measured by measuring the capacitance between the two electrodes 120 and 130 and a signal can be generated based on the sensed position. In general, capacitance can be a measure of the amount of electric charge stored (or separated) for a given electric potential between two electrodes such as the stationary electrode 120 and the rotatable electrode 130. By measuring the capacitance between the electrodes 120 and 130, the position of the throttle control lever 140 can be measured simultaneously. Note that the throttle control apparatus as a non-contact capacitive sensor can eliminate the need of cables and other mechanical parts that are traditionally utilized in off-road vehicles. FIG. 2 illustrates an exploded view of the non-contact capacitive throttle control apparatus 100, which can be implemented in accordance with a preferred embodiment. The drive-by-wire throttle control apparatus 100 typically includes the throttle lever 140, a PCB 210 associated with a PCB housing 220. Drive-by-wire technology in the automotive industry replaces the traditional mechanical and hydraulic control systems with electronic control systems. The PCB 210 can be utilized to mechanically support and electrically connect electronic components such as the electrodes 120 and 130 utilizing conductive pathways, or traces, etched from copper sheets laminated onto a non-conductive substrate. A sensed member can be provided, which is preferably the rotatable electrode 130 and the stationary electrode 120 associated with the throttle lever 140. Preferably, the rotatable electrode 130 and the stationary electrode 120 can be configured to sense the position of the throttle lever 140. In a preferred embodiment, the stationary electrode 120 can be mounted to a mounting bracket 230 and is stationary with respect to the throttle lever 140. The extended portion of the handle 150 terminates at the mounting bracket 230. The mounting bracket 230 is preferably operably designed and configured to mount the throttle lever 140 to the handle bar 150. The throttle lever 140 is preferably received within the mounting bracket 230 and preferably coaxial therewith, although the throttle lever 140 can be received in other positions and/or orientations. The preferred throttle lever 140 is a twist throttle, which receives the handle bar 150 for rotation thereabout. The mounting bracket 230 comprises a curved body, as depicted in FIG. 2. In a preferred embodiment, the throttle lever 140 can be molded in one piece from a plastic or another similar material, depending upon design considerations. Of course, the throttle lever 140 can be configured from other materials as well such as, for example, metal. Note that the embodiments discussed herein should not be construed in any limited sense. It can be appreciated that such embodiments reveal details of the structure of a preferred form necessary for a better understanding of the invention and may be subject to change by skilled persons within the scope of the invention without departing from the concept thereof. A collar 240 is positioned on the outer periphery of the throttle lever 140 for rotation therewith, the collar 240 having a gripping surface formed around the outer periphery thereof. The collar 240 can be non-rotatably mounted on the throttle lever 140 for engaging and selectively holding the gripping surface and hand grip at any desired throttle setting. A lock washer 250 can be configured for locking the rotatable electrode 120 and the throttle lever 140 in a predetermined position. The electrodes 120 and 130 of the throttle control apparatus 100 can act as a capacitive sensor that can eliminate the need for throttle cable in the off-road vehicles. As the throttle lever 140 rotates, the rotatable electrode 130 can also rotate. This results in a change in the capacitance between the electrodes 120 and 130. The measured change in the capacitance between the electrodes 120 and 130 can be utilized to measure the position of the throttle lever 140 and a respective signal based on the sensed position can be generated. The signal in turn can be sent to an Electronic Control Unit (ECU) 260 which is converted to a voltage value that is used to control the throttle of a vehicle. The ECU 260 determines the required throttle position by calculations from data
|
['G01R2726' 'H01G700' 'G06F1900']
|
detailed_description
|
12,430,540
|
[claim] 1. An oral care composition having improved dispersibility during use comprising (a) a thickening/binding agent comprising from about 0.1% to about 10% by weight of the oral care composition of carrageenan that provides a water viscosity of at least about 20 mPa·s in a 1.5% solution at 25° C. and effective water-binding capacity to prevent significant water loss from the composition when exposed to air to cause unacceptable drying out, and (b) an orally acceptable carrier comprising no more than about 10% by weight of humectant(s) and one or more other oral care agents. 2. An oral care composition in the form of a dentifrice having improved dispersibility during use comprising (a) a thickening/binding agent comprising from about 0.1% to about 10% by weight of carrageenan that provides a water viscosity of at least about 20 mPa·s in a 1.5% solution at 25° C. and effective water-binding capacity such that there is no more than about 0.75% water loss from the dentifrice composition when exposed to air for 30 minutes at room temperature conditions and 50% relative humidity, and (b) an orally acceptable carrier comprising no more than about 10% by weight of humectant(s) and one or more other oral care agents. 3. An oral care composition according to claim 1, wherein the orally acceptable carrier comprises one or more of oral care agents selected from abrasive, anticaries agent, fluoride ion source, antimicrobial/antiplaque agent, bleaching agent, anticalculus agent, desensitizing agent, tooth substantive agent, chelating agent, surfactant or flavor system. 4. An oral care composition according to claim 1 further comprising an additional thickening/binding agent selected from one or a combination of carboxyvinyl polymers, natural and synthetic clays, hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), gum karaya, xanthan gum, gum arabic, gum tragacanth, magnesium aluminum silicate or finely divided silica. 5. An oral care composition according to claim 1 wherein the humectant when present comprises one or a mixture of glycerin, sorbitol, xylitol, butylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol and trimethyl glycine 6. An oral care composition according to claim 3 wherein the abrasive comprises one or a mixture of silica, calcium carbonate, sodium polymetaphosphate, dicalcium phosphate dihydrate or calcium pyrophosphate. 7. An oral care composition according to claim 3 wherein the fluoride ion source comprises one or a mixture of sodium fluoride, stannous fluoride, indium fluoride, amine fluoride or sodium monofluorophosphate. 8. An oral care composition according to claim 3 wherein the tooth substantive agent comprises one or a mixture of phosphate compounds selected from polyphosphates having an average chain length of 3 or more, phytates, alkyl phosphates or alkyl (poly)alkoxy phosphates. 9. An oral care composition according to claim 3 wherein the anticalculus agent comprises a pyrophosphate salt. 10. A method for improving dispersibility of dentifrice compositions comprising formulating the dentifrice with a thickening/binding agent comprising from about 0.1% to about 10% by weight of carrageenan that provides a water viscosity of at least about 20 mPa·s in a 1.5% solution at 25° C. and effective water-binding capacity such that there is no more than about 0.75% water loss from the dentifrice composition when exposed to air for 30 minutes at room temperature conditions and 50% relative humidity and an orally acceptable carrier comprising no more than about 10% by weight of humectant(s) and one or more other oral care agents, wherein the dentifrice essentially disperses completely during a typical brushing period.
|
['A61K873' 'A61K821' 'A61K824']
|
claim
|
12,132,506
|
[claim] 1. A compound of the formula (I) its derivatives, stereoisomers, pharmaceutically acceptable salts and pharmaceutical compositions, wherein, --- represents a bond or no bond; A is selected from the group consisting of substituted and unsubstituted heterocyclyl; B represents a ring system selected from the group consisting of substituted and unsubstituted 5 to 18-membered aryl, 5 to 6 membered saturated and unsaturated heterocyclyl having 1-4 hetero atoms selected from N, O or S R1 represents —OR10 or NR11R12; R2 and R3 may be same or different and independently represent H, COR13, substituted or unsubstituted groups selected from alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylsulfonyl, alkylsulfinyl, arylsulfonyl, arylsulfinyl, alkylthio, arylthio or heterocyclyl; R4 represents hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted groups selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl and aralkyl; R5 represents H, halogen, nitro, cyano, formyl, amino, substituted or unsubstituted groups selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, monoalkylamino, dialkylamino, alkanoyl and carboxylic acids and its derivatives; R7, R8, and R9 may be same or different and represent hydrogen, nitro, nitrile, hydroxy, formyl, azido, halo, or substituted or unsubstituted groups selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkoxy, acyl, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, amino, hydrazine, monoalkylamino, dialkylamino, acylamino, alkylsulfonyl, alkylsulfinyl, arylsulfonyl, arylsulfinyl, alkylthio, arylthio, alkoxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, alkoxyalkyl, sulfamoyl and carboxylic acid and its derivatives; R10 represents hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted groups selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl and a counter ion; R11 and R12 may be same or different and independently represent H, substituted or unsubstituted groups selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl and aryl or R11 and R12 together with nitrogen may represent substituted or unsubstituted mono or bicyclic saturated or unsaturated ring system which may contain one or more heteroatoms selected from O, S or N; R13 represents H, substituted or unsubstituted groups selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl, alkenyloxy, aryloxy, alkoxy and aralkoxy; Z represents O, S or NR14, R14 represents hydrogen or alkyl; when Z represents O or S, R6 represents hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted groups selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaralkyl and heterocyclyl; when Z represents NR14, R6 represents H, hydroxy, protected hydroxyl group, alkyloxy, aryloxy, amino, substituted or unsubstituted groups selected from the group consisting of alkyl, haloalkyl, alkenyl, monoalkylamino, dialkylamino, aryl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaralkyl and heterocyclyl; R14 represents hydrogen or alkyl; Y represents O, S or NR14; m is an integer from 0 to 8; n is an integer from 0 to 4; X represents a bond, O, S, SO or SO2. 2. A compound of the formula (I) its derivatives, stereoisomers, pharmaceutically acceptable salts and pharmaceutical compositions, wherein, --- represents a bond or no bond; A is selected from the group consisting of substituted and unsubstituted 5 to 18-membered aryl and heterocyclyl; B represents a ring system selected from the group consisting of: 5 to 18-membered aryl substituted by a substituted or unsubstituted 5 to 6 membered saturated or unsaturated hetereocyclic ring which is selected from pyridyl, thienyl, furyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, imidazolyl, isooxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazolyl, thiadiazolyl, tetrazolyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, and the like; and substituted and unsubstituted 5 to 6-membered saturated and unsaturated heterocyclyl having 1-4 hetero atoms selected from N, O or S R1 represents —OR10 or NR11R12; R2 and R3 may be same or different and independently represent H, COR13, substituted or unsubstituted groups selected from alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylsulfonyl, alkylsulfinyl, arylsulfonyl, arylsulfinyl, alkylthio, arylthio or heterocyclyl; R4 represents hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted groups selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl and aralkyl; R5 represents H, halogen, nitro, cyano, formyl, amino, substituted or unsubstituted groups selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, monoalkylamino, dialkylamino, alkanoyl and carboxylic acids and its derivatives; R7, R8, and R9 may be same or different and represent hydrogen, nitro, nitrile, hydroxy, formyl, azido, halo, or substituted or unsubstituted groups selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkoxy, acyl, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, amino, hydrazine, monoalkylamino, dialkylamino, acylamino, alkylsulfonyl, alkylsulfinyl, arylsulfonyl, arylsulfinyl, alkylthio, arylthio, alkoxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, alkoxyalkyl, sulfamoyl and carboxylic acid and its derivatives; R10 represents hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted groups selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl and a counter ion; R11 and R12 may be same or different and independently represent H, substituted or unsubstituted groups selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl and aryl or R11 and R12 together with nitrogen may represent substituted or unsubstituted mono or bicyclic saturated or unsaturated ring system which may contain one or more heteroatoms selected from O, S or N; R13 represents H, substituted or unsubstituted groups selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl, alkenyloxy, aryloxy, alkoxy and aralkoxy; Z represents O, S or NR14, R14 represents hydrogen or alkyl; when Z represents O or S, R6 represents hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted groups selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaralkyl and heterocyclyl; when Z represents NR14, R6 represents H, hydroxy, protected hydroxyl group, alkyloxy, aryloxy, amino, substituted or unsubstituted groups selected from the group consisting of alkyl, haloalkyl, alkenyl, monoalkylamino, dialkylamino, aryl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaralkyl and heterocyclyl; R14 represents hydrogen or alkyl; Y represents O, S or NR14; m is an integer from 0 to 8; n is an integer from 0 to 4; X represents a bond, O, S, SO or SO2. 3. A compound according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ring system represented by B is selected from the group consisting of substituted phenyl, naphthyl and the like which may be further substituted by a substituted or unsubstituted 5 to 6 membered saturated or unsaturated hetereocyclic ring which is selected from pyridyl, thienyl, furyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, imidazolyl, isooxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazolyl, thiadiazolyl, tetrazolyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, and the like. 4. A compound according to claim 2 wherein A is selected from the group consisting of phenyl, pyridinyl, indolyl and diazinyl. 5. A compound according to claim 1 wherein A
|
['A61K31195' 'C07C23301' 'A61K3116' 'C07D29500' 'A61P1100' 'A61P3700'
'A61P300' 'A61K315375' 'C07C22900']
|
claim
|
12,143,169
|
[claim] 1. A measurement apparatus for measuring optical characteristics of a detection target, the measurement apparatus comprising: a polarization controller which controls polarization of light which is incident on the detection target; a wavefront dividing unit which divides a wavefront of the light from the polarization controller; a polarizing unit which polarizes the light transmitted through the detection target; a detector which detects the light transmitted through at least one of said wavefront dividing unit and said polarizing unit; a processor which calculates the optical characteristics of the detection target based on a detection result of said detector; and a first driving unit which moves said wavefront dividing unit with respect to said detector to position said wavefront dividing unit in or outside an optical path running from the detection target to said detector, wherein said processor calculates the optical characteristics of the detection target using a detection result obtained when said wavefront dividing unit is positioned in the optical path and a detection result obtained when said wavefront dividing unit is positioned outside the optical path. 2. An apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a second driving unit which moves said polarizing unit with respect to said detector to position said polarizing unit in or outside the optical path, and a control unit which controls said first driving unit and said second driving unit so that said second driving unit positions said polarizing unit outside the optical path when said first driving unit positions said wavefront dividing unit in the optical path, and that said second driving unit positions said polarizing unit in the optical path when said first driving unit positions said wavefront dividing unit outside the optical path. 3. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said wavefront dividing unit includes one of a diffraction grating, a parallel plate, a translucent reflecting substrate, and a prism, and said polarizing unit includes one of a waveplate, a polarizer and a polarizing beam splitter. 4. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said polarizing unit includes a rotatable element, said detector detects interference fringes when said wavefront dividing unit is positioned in the optical path, and a change in light intensity distribution caused by rotation of at least one element of said polarizing unit when said wavefront dividing unit is positioned outside the optical path, and said processor calculates differential data of aberration caused by the detection target based on the detected interference fringes, and data on birefringence of the detection target based on the detected change in light intensity distribution. 5. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said wavefront dividing unit includes a diffraction grating, the apparatus further comprises a selecting window which selects only a wavefront with a predetermined order among wavefronts diffracted by said diffraction grating, and said selecting window is positioned in or outside the optical path simultaneously with said wavefront dividing unit. 6. An exposure apparatus comprising an illumination system which illuminates an original, a projection optical system which projects a pattern of the original illuminated by said illumination system onto a substrate, and a measurement apparatus defined in claim 1, wherein the detection target comprises said projection optical system, said polarization controller is positioned in said illumination system, and said wavefront dividing unit and said polarizing unit are positioned between said projection optical system and said detector. 7. An exposure apparatus comprising an illumination system which illuminates an original, a projection optical system which projects a pattern of the original illuminated by said illumination system onto a substrate, and a measurement apparatus defined in claim 1, wherein the detection target comprises said projection optical system, said polarization controller is positioned in said illumination system, said wavefront dividing unit is positioned between said illumination system and said projection optical system, and said polarizing unit is positioned between said projection optical system and said detector. 8. An apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising a reflecting mirror which reflects the light transmitted through said projection optical system, wherein said detector is positioned to detect the light reflected by said reflecting mirror and transmitted again through said projection optical system. 9. An apparatus according to claim 7, further comprising a reflecting mirror which reflects the light transmitted through said projection optical system, wherein said detector is positioned to detect the light reflected by said reflecting mirror and transmitted again through said projection optical system. 10. An exposure apparatus comprising an illumination system which illuminates an original, a projection optical system which projects a pattern of the original illuminated by said illumination system onto a substrate, and a measurement apparatus defined in claim 1, wherein the detection target comprises said illumination system. 11. An exposure apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising a control unit which controls at least one of said illumination system and said projection optical system based on a result calculated by said processor. 12. A method of manufacturing a device, the method comprising: exposing a substrate using an exposure apparatus defined in claim 6; developing the exposed substrate; and processing the developed substrate to manufacture the device.
|
['G03B2742' 'G03B2772']
|
claim
|
12,641,297
|
TOUCH PANEL DEVICE HAVING HIGH TOUCH SENSITIVITY AND TOUCH POSITIONING METHOD THEREOF [SEP] [abstract] A touch panel device having high touch sensitivity includes sensing capacitors, switches, storage capacitors, a differential amplifier and a signal processing unit. During a sense period, the switches are periodically turned on alternately for periodically transferring the charges of the sensing capacitors to the storage capacitors. The differential amplifier is put in use for amplifying the voltage difference of two corresponding storage capacitors for generating a touch readout signal. The signal processing unit performs an OR operation on two touch readout signals generated during different sense periods based on different sensing capacitor combinations regarding same panel touch position for providing a touch position signal.
|
['G06F3041']
|
abstract
|
12,091,471
|
[description] Various aspects are now described with reference to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals are used to refer to like elements throughout. In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of one or more aspects. It may be evident, however, that such aspect(s) may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to facilitate describing one or more aspects. Referring to FIG. 1, a multiple access wireless communication system according to one aspect is illustrated. A multiple access wireless communication system 100 includes multiple cells, e.g. cells 102, 104, and 106. In the aspect of FIG. 1, each cell 102, 104, and 106 may include an access point 150 that includes multiple sectors. The multiple sectors are formed by groups of antennas each responsible for communication with access terminals in a portion of the cell. In cell 102, antenna groups 112, 114, and 116 each correspond to a different sector. In cell 104, antenna groups 118, 120, and 122 each correspond to a different sector. In cell 106, antenna groups 124, 126, and 128 each correspond to a different sector. Each cell includes several access terminals which are in communication with one or more sectors of each access point. For example, access terminals 130 and 132 are in communication base 142, access terminals 134 and 136 are in communication with access point 144, and access terminals 138 and 140 are in communication with access point 146. Controller 130 is coupled to each of the cells 102, 104, and 106. Controller 130 may contain one or more connections to multiple networks, e.g. the Internet, other packet based networks, or circuit switched voice networks that provide information to, and from, the access terminals in communication with the cells of the multiple access wireless communication system 100. The controller 130 includes, or is coupled with, a scheduler that schedules transmission from and to access terminals. In other aspects, the scheduler may reside in each individual cell, each sector of a cell, or a combination thereof. As used herein, an access point may be a fixed station used for communicating with the terminals and may also be referred to as, and include some or all the functionality of, a base station, a Node B, or some other terminology. An access terminal may also be referred to as, and include some or all the functionality of, a user equipment (UE), a wireless communication device, terminal, a mobile station or some other terminology. It should be noted that while FIG. 1, depicts physical sectors, i.e. having different antenna groups for different sectors, other approaches may be utilized. For example, utilizing multiple fixed “beams” that each cover different areas of the cell in frequency space may be utilized in lieu of, or in combination with physical sectors. Such an approach is depicted and disclosed in co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/260,895, entitled “Adaptive Sectorization in Cellular System.” Referring to FIG. 2, a block diagram of an aspect of a transmitter system 210 and a receiver system 250 in a
|
['G06F15177']
|
detailed_description
|
11,443,056
|
Self-adhesive note assembly having multiple note surfaces [SEP] [abstract] A self-adhesive note assembly includes a support in the form of a three dimensional object and at least one stack of self-adhesive notes on each of plural surfaces of the three dimensional object. Another self-adhesive note assembly includes a flat support having a top surface and a bottom surface, wherein the top surface has thereon at least one stack of self-adhesive notes and the bottom surface has at least two stacks of self-adhesive notes. Still another self-adhesive note assembly includes a support having on one side a first surface and second surface, wherein the first surface has thereon at least one stack of self-adhesive notes and the second surface has thereon at least one stack of self-adhesive notes, wherein the support can be folded such that the first surface faces the second surface.
|
['B32B3300']
|
abstract
|
12,031,756
|
[invention] This invention relates generally to improvements in computer processors that execute relatively simple instructions in hardware controlled execution units and execute relatively complex instructions in a milli-mode architected state with vertical microcode (i.e., millicode) routines executing in the same hardware controlled execution units, and more particularly to millicode store access checking instructions with reduced delays. Instruction sets used in computer systems employing so-called Complex Instruction Set Computing (CISC) architecture include both simple instructions (e.g., Load, or Add) and complex instructions (e.g., Program Call, or Load Address Space Parameters). As the computer systems have become more powerful, larger percentages of the instruction set have been implemented using hardware execution units to increase the systems performance. Conventionally, complex functions are implemented in microcode because building hardware execution units to execute them is expensive and error prone. Implementing complex functions in microcode provides flexibility to fix problems and expandability in that additional functions can be included later. In certain prior art machines, where much of the processor is hardware controlled, a dedicated microprocessor based execution unit is often provided in order to implement the complex functions. This unit can be microprogrammed to execute complex instructions and complex functions such as handling interrupt conditions. A milli-mode operation enables implementation of complex functions in a large, hardware controlled, pipelined, general-purpose digital computer without an additional dedicated microprocessor-based execution unit. Milli-mode implements these complex functions with flexibility provided by firmware and avoids a packaging problem introduced by the inclusion of the additional microprocessor hardware. Rather than an additional microprocessor, milli-mode uses preexisting dataflow and hardware controlled execution units of a pipelined processor to accomplish complex functions. Additional hardware controlled instructions (private milli-mode only instructions) are added to provide control functions or to improve performance. These private milli-mode instructions augment the architected instruction set. Milli-mode routines can intermingle the milli-mode only instructions with architected instructions to implement complex functions. Milli-mode detection logic in instruction decode logic detects a need to enter milli-mode, and this causes millicode routines to be fetched. The millicode routines are decoded by the decoder hardware and dispatched for execution in the same way as the architected macro-instructions (system-mode instructions). A majority of the architected macro-instructions that are implemented as hardware controlled instructions can be executed in milli-mode. The set of instructions available in milli-mode can be considered to be an alternate architecture that the processor can execute. The hardware-executed instructions which are valid only for millicode are generally of a format and a function similar to those of the architected instructions. In this way, the unique hardware required to implement these instructions is minimized, and the simplicity of the hardware design is maintained. This simplicity of hardware controls is a chief advantage of millicode over other forms of internal code (e.g., microcode), which require considerably more unique hardware. A disadvantage of a millicoded design is that some complex operations require more internal code instructions and/or more machine cycles than with some forms of microcode. In some cases, this is due to the inefficiency of the base instruction set when used to perform these complex operations. Depending on the frequency with which these operations are performed, the impact on overall system performance may be significant. Millicode that accesses storage, just like architected instructions, are executed by generic hardware constructs. Therefore, millicode is subject to various kinds of hardwired architectural access exception checks and default cache operation behavior. It is desirable for millicode to be capable of accessing a storage location, as well as to avoid or alter certain default operand cache behavior. Any storage access may require proper authority. Prior approaches provide an operand access control register (OACR) mechanism to override many aspects of default operand cache access characteristics. One such approach includes suppressing interrupts when an access exception is detected. However, this is subject to pipeline delays when the OACR needs to be written (after execution) before the affected instruction can issue its operand fetch (occurring much earlier in the processor pipeline). This results in a “bubble” in the pipeline that translates to a reduction in instructions per cycle as delays are incurred to rectify interlock condition between the instruction and the OACR. One example is described in U.S. Pat. 5,790,844, which provides a “load and access test” that can check for “load” type exceptions without taking an actual interrupt, but requires a test “tag” from the OACR to be updated to check for a “store” type access exception. It would be beneficial to develop milli-mode assist instructions enabling millicode access to a storage operand and directly checking for store-type access exceptions without incurring OACR update interlock delays. Accordingly, there is a need in the art for millicode store access checking instructions.
|
['G06F930']
|
background
|
11,215,908
|
[invention] The current sanitary napkin disposal bins used in public bath room facilities use paper, cellophane or plastic bags which are loosely placed in the bins. The plastic bags, even when placed over the upper edge of the bin, often slip down into the bin when the bag becomes filled. Paper and/or cellophane bags frequently collapse or fold inward, allowing sanitary products and the like to be disposed between the bag and a wall of the bin, thereby soiling the bin. Removal of sanitary products creates a problem as well. Maintenance staff must remove the bag and the sanitary products which have fallen between the bag and the wall of the bin. Further, maintenance personnel must then clean the bin before placing a new bag in the bin, so that the bin does not become malodorous. Bag removal and bin cleaning are hazardous activities for maintenance personnel, who must handle with care sanitary products and other refuse contaminated with body fluids and the like. An improved disposal bag and system for disposing of sanitary products would be desirable. Such a bag would desirably be configured so that it did not slip down into the bin, resulting in sanitary products and/or other materials being deposited between the bag and the wall of the bin. Desirably, such a bag would provide a structure which would hold the bag in place on the bin. In addition, such a bag would desirably provide a safe and easy way for maintenance personnel to remove the bag and seal it. In addition, such a disposal bag would provide odor absorbent material to reduce or eliminate odor therein. Definitions As used herein, the terms “sanitary products” include, but are not limited to, feminine napkins, tampons, colostomy bags, ileostomy bags, male incontinence pads, baby diapers, disposable training pants for children, adult incontinence products including pads, disposable underwear, and so forth. As used herein, the term “fasteners” means devices that fasten, join, connect, secure, hold, or clamp components together. Fasteners include, but are not limited to, screws, nuts and bolts, rivets, snap-fits, tacks, nails, loop fasteners, and interlocking male/female connectors, such as fishhook connectors, a fish hook connector includes a male portion with a protrusion on its circumference. Inserting the male portion into the female portion substantially permanently locks the two portions together. As used herein, the term “couple” includes, but is not limited to, joining, connecting, fastening, linking, or associating two things integrally or interstitially together. As used herein, the term “configure” or “configuration” means to design, arrange, set up, or shape with a view to specific applications or uses. For example: a military vehicle that was configured for rough terrain; configured the computer by setting the system's parameters. As used herein, the term “hinge” refers to a jointed or flexible device that connects and permits pivoting or turning of a part to a stationary component. Hinges include, but are not limited to, metal pivotable connectors, such as those used to fasten a door to frame, and living hinges. Living hinges may be constructed from plastic and formed integrally between two members. A living hinge permits pivotable movement of one member in relation to another connected member. As used herein, the term “substantially” refers to something which is done to a great extent or degree; for example, “substantially covered” means that a thing is at least 95% covered. As used herein, the term “alignment” refers to the spatial property possessed by an arrangement or position of things in a straight line or in parallel lines. As used herein, the terms “orientation” or “position” used interchangeably herein refer to the spatial property of a place where or way in which something is situated; for example, “the position of the hands on the clock.” As used herein, the term “sanitary disposal unit” refers to a unit provided on or in a wall or other structure of a public bathroom, that is, in the stall of each area containing a toilet, which is configured to receive sanitary products. These terms may be defined with additional language in the remaining portions of the specification.
|
['B65D2514']
|
background
|
11,745,109
|
[invention] Hybrid diesel electric vehicles, such as hybrid diesel electric locomotives, for example, include an energy storage system with several energy storage devices (i.e. batteries). These energy storage devices are typically utilized to store secondary electric energy during a dynamic braking mode, when the traction motors generate excess electrical energy which may be stored, or during a motoring mode, when the locomotive engine produces excess electrical energy which may be stored. Each locomotive typically includes several energy storage devices, such as between ten and fifty, for example, where each energy storage device is a large massive body including several hundred individual cells combined together, and each amounting to several hundred pounds in weight. Some of the high temperature storage devices need to be heated to achieve a desired operating temperature. During normal operation of the locomotive, a voltage is typically applied across the heater terminals of each energy storage device, thereby activating an electrical heating circuit to heat the energy storage device. Although each energy storage device is manufactured to operate with consistent operating characteristics under similar operating conditions, the energy storage devices actually operate with varying operating characteristics, when subjected to the same operating conditions. For example, during operation of the locomotive, a maximum temperature storage device operates at a maximum temperature and a minimum temperature storage device operates at a minimum temperature, as compared to the other energy storages devices of the energy storage system. FIG. 13 illustrates an exemplary timing diagram of a maximum temperature 504 and minimum temperature 502 for a respective maximum temperature storage device and minimum temperature storage device of a conventional energy storage system. All other storage device temperatures typically fall within the maximum and minimum temperature of the respective maximum and minimum temperature storage devices. At different times, different energy storage devices may be the maximum temperature storage device with the maximum temperature. Similarly, at different times, different energy storage devices may be the minimum temperature storage device with the minimum temperature. In the illustrated diagram, the time rate of change of the maximum temperature 504 and minimum temperature 502 typically share the same sign at any time instant (i.e. rise and fall together) since they are operated similarly. Additionally, the conventional cooling system for the energy storage system activates when the maximum temperature 504 exceeds a maximum temperature threshold 506 , which is approximately 335 degrees Celsius in the illustrated diagram. Further, the conventional cooling system for the energy storage system deactivates when the minimum temperature 502 falls below a minimum temperature threshold 508 , which is approximately 270 degrees Celsius in the illustrated diagram. The illustrated diagram in FIG. 13 , and particular values are merely an example of a conventional cooling system for a conventional energy storage system, and other systems may operate at varying temperature ranges. Since the operating range of the cooling system, measured by the difference between the maximum temperature threshold 506 and the minimum temperature threshold 508 , is greater than the difference between the maximum temperature 504 and the minimum temperature 502 , the cooling system can clearly determine whether or not to activate or deactivate at any instant. However, if the difference between the maximum temperature 504 and the minimum temperature 502 exceeded the operating range of the cooling system, the maximum temperature 504 may exceed the maximum temperature threshold 506 while the minimum temperature 502 simultaneously fell below the minimum temperature threshold 508 , resulting in confusion as to whether or not to activate or deactivate the cooling system. Accordingly, it would be advantageous to provide a cooling system for the energy storage devices of a locomotive which reduces the confusion in determining whether to activate or deactivate the cooling system.
|
['F25D1702' 'B60K100' 'H01M804']
|
background
|
11,308,211
|
[invention] This invention relates generally to locking pliers and, more particularly, to an improved adjustment mechanism for such pliers. Pliers-type hand tools with toggle-locking mechanisms are generally known as locking pliers. These pliers usually comprise a fixed handle having a fixed jaw on one end thereof. A movable jaw and a movable handle are pivotal relative to the fixed handle to open and close the jaws. To operate the pliers the movable handle is closed relative to the fixed handle to close the fixed jaw and movable jaw and seize a workpiece firmly therebetween. The handles are then tightly compressed such that the toggle mechanism locks the pliers onto the workpiece. The pliers will remain firmly locked in place without the continuous application of force by the user. The pliers may comprise a relatively simple toggle-locking mechanism where a single link has one end pivotably connected to the movable jaw and the opposite end adjustably and pivotably received in the movable handle such as shown in U.S. Pat. No. 4,546,680. The pliers may also comprise a more complex toggle-locking mechanism that uses a compound linkage where multiple links are pivotably connected to one another between the fixed handle and the movable handle such as shown in U.S. Pat. No. 5,056,385. The locking pliers may also comprise self-adjusting pliers such as shown in U.S. Pat. No. 6,941,844. Other embodiments of locking pliers are also known. The jaws may be shaped to function as long nose pliers, ordinary wrenches with curved serrated jaws, jaws in the shape of C-clamps, C-clamps with swivel pads, hole punches, or any other kind of hand tool where the toggle-locking action is useful. Adjustments in the force applied by the jaws to the workpiece are generally made by turning an adjusting screw mounted in the fixed handle that engages the toggle locking mechanism. The adjusting screw is translated relative to the fixed handle to modify the physical dimensions of the toggle mechanism. Specifically, the adjustment screw contacts the end of the toggle locking mechanism such that as the screw is translated relative to the fixed handle the end of the toggle-locking mechanism is moved relative to the fulcrum point to vary the effective length of the toggle-locking mechanism. This adjustment varies the distance between the jaws and further adjustment of the screw varies the force applied by the jaws to the workpiece when the tool is locked. Force can be applied to the workpiece via the jaws by turning the adjustment screw in a direction to increase the pressure exerted on the toggle link assembly when the tool is closed whether or not pressure is applied by the jaws to the workpiece when the tool is locked. This adjustment allows the tool to apply and increase the pressure on the workpiece in a very controlled manner such that the workpiece can be compressed, bent or drawn together. By turning the adjustment screw in a direction that lessens the force exerted on the toggle link assembly when the tool is locked, pressure on the workpiece can be eased while the tool is locked on a workpiece such that the tool can be unlocked easily and in a controlled manner. Without the adjusting mechanism, a tool that is locked under high pressure can be difficult to release. The adjustment mechanism also allows the tool to function similarly to a table or bench vise. The mechanism for applying the rotational force to the adjustment screw may consist of a knurled knob that is intended to be gripped between a user's fingers such that the rotational force is applied to the adjusting screw by hand. As will be appreciated such a configuration is common and is desired by the end user because it allows a fine application of force to be applied by hand and provides the user with direct feedback on the gripping force applied to the workpiece. One problem with such a configuration is that it may be difficult to apply by hand a large torque to the adjustment screw. In order to allow the user to apply a greater torque to the adjustment screw, it is known to replace the knurled knob with a knob having plural pairs of opposed flat surfaces similar to the exterior surfaces of a nut. Such a configuration allows the adjustment screw to be gripped by a tool such as a box wrench, adjustable wrench or pliers. The use of a wrench or pliers allows the user to apply a much greater torque to the adjustment screw such that the gripping force of the tool is increased. One problem with such an arrangement is that the user looses the “feel” of the knurled knob for making manual adjustments. Another problem is that a conventional wrench or pliers can apply an overload to the adjustment screw and cause a failure of the toggle-locking mechanism or other components of the pliers. Another mechanism for rotating the adjustment screw comprises a lever or “tommy bar” permanently attached to the adjustment screw. The lever comprises a bar that is slidably received in a bore formed in the adjustment screw head. Typically the lever is formed with enlarged ends that are larger than the diameter of the bore such that the lever is prevented from falling out of the bore and is permanently retained in the screw head. Another similar mechanism employs a lever that is pivotably mounted to the adjustment screw such that it can be flipped open to an operative position. The lever increases the amount of torque that can be applied to the adjustment screw; however, because the lever is permanently attached to the adjustment screw it is a cumbersome design and the lever is often in the way during use of the pliers and adds unwanted size and weight to the tool. The lever also hinders the direct manual application of torque to the adjustment screw. Moreover, if an overload torque is applied to the lever, the lever may fail and bend. While failure of
|
['B25B712']
|
background
|
11,542,477
|
System and method for whole body landmark detection, segmentation and change quantification in digital images [SEP] [abstract] A method for segmenting digitized images includes providing a training set comprising a plurality of digitized whole-body images, providing labels on anatomical landmarks in each image of said training set, aligning each said training set image, generating positive and negative training examples for each landmark by cropping the aligned training volumes into one or more cropping windows of different spatial scales, and using said positive and negative examples to train a detector for each landmark at one or more spatial scales ranging from a coarse resolution to a fine resolution, wherein the spatial relationship between a cropping windows of a coarse resolution detector and a fine resolution detector is recorded.
|
['G06K900']
|
abstract
|
12,626,799
|
[claim] 1. A component supply head device for holding a component at a mounting side surface with protruding electrodes to be mounted on a substrate, and reversing an orientation of the mounting side surface of the component to transfer the component to a component mounting head device so that the component mounting head device mounts the component onto the substrate, comprising: a suction nozzle provided with a distal end surface where a suction hole is opened and a suction passage communicated with the suction hole at one end thereof, wherein a portion of the distal end surface outside the suction hole abuts against the protruding electrodes of the component, wherein the suction holes is opposed with a gap to a portion of the mounding side surface on which the protruding electrodes are not provided, and wherein an air flow is generated by vacuum suction force acting from the other end of the suction passage, the air flow flowing from the gap between the suction hole and the mounting side surface into the suction passage through the suction hole and generating a negative pressure to hold the component at the distal end surface. 2. The component supply head device according to claim 1, wherein the suction hole comprises a center section communicated with the suction passage and a plurality of branch sections extending radially from the center section. 3. The component supply head device according to claim 1, wherein an outer dimension of the distal end surface is set so that an outer peripheral edge of the distal end surface is positioned inside a peripheral edge of the component held by the suction nozzle and outside the protruding electrodes. 4. A component supply apparatus, comprising: the component supply head device according to claim 1; a component disposing section where a plurality of components are disposed so that they can be taken out by the suction nozzle; and a component supply and accommodation section for accommodating the components so that they can be disposed in the component disposing section. 5. A component mounting apparatus, comprising: the component supply apparatus according to claim 4; the component mounting head device for releasably holding the component; a substrate holding section for releasably holding the substrate; and a alignment device for aligning the substrate held by the substrate holding section and the component held by the component mounting head device. 6. A component mounting head device for holding a component at a non-mounting side surface opposite to a mounting side surface where a plurality of protruding electrodes are provided, and joining the protruding electrodes to corresponding substrate electrodes formed on a substrate to mount the component on the substrate, comprising: a heater for heating the component; and a suction nozzle comprising a distal end surface where a suction hole is opened and a suction groove communicated with the suction hole is formed in an entire area corresponding to a joining area of the mounting side surface of the component where the protruding electrodes are provided, a proximal end surface opposite to the distal end surface abutting against the heater, and a suction passage communicated with the suction hole at one end thereof, wherein the component is held at the distal end surface by a vacuum suction force acting from the other end of the suction passage. 7. The component mounting head device according to claim 6, wherein the suction groove comprises: a closed pattern section disposed along a peripheral edge of the distal end surface; a plurality of first line sections disposed inside the closed pattern section so as to extend in a first direction and communicated with the closed pattern section at both ends thereof; and a plurality of second line sections disposed inside the closed pattern so as to extend in a direction crossing the first direction, communicated with the closed pattern section at both ends thereof, and communicated with the first line sections intersecting therewith. 8. The component mounting head device according to claim 6, wherein the suction groove comprises: a plurality of first line sections disposed so as to extend in a first direction; and a plurality of second sections disposed so as to extend in a second direction crossing the first direction and communicated with the first line sections intersecting therewith. 9. The component mounting head device according to claim 6, wherein the suction groove comprises: at least one closed pattern section disposed so as to surround a center of the area of the distal end surface corresponding to the joining area; and a plurality of line sections extending radially from the center of the area of the distal end surface corresponding to the joining area and communicated with the closed pattern section intersecting therewith. 10. The component mounting head device according to claim 9, wherein the suction groove comprises a plurality of the closed pattern sections disposed concentrically with respect to the center of the area of the distal end surface corresponding to the joining area. 11. The component mounting head device according to claim 6, wherein the suction groove has a form of a single continuous line. 12. The component mounting head device according to claim 11, wherein the suction groove has a form of a spiral constituted by joining a plurality of line sections respectively extending in substantially the same directions to respective portions of the peripheral edge of the distal end surface. 13. The component mounting head device according to claim 11, wherein the suction groove has a rectangular wave-like shape comprising alternately connected first straight line sections extending in a first direction and second straight line sections extending in a direction crossing the first direction. 14. The component mounting head device according to claim 6, wherein the suction nozzle further comprises a recess formed in the distal end surface and separated from the suction hole. 15. The component mounting head device according to claim 14, wherein the recess is disposed between the suction groove and the peripheral edge of the distal end surface. 16. The component mounting
|
['B23P1900']
|
claim
|
12,579,228
|
[claim] 1. A fuel dispenser security system for use with a fuel dispenser having a shell and a fuel dispensing circuit that controls the dispensing of fuel from the fuel dispenser and includes a handle hang-up switch operable for placing the fuel dispenser in a fuel pump handle hang up condition that prevents dispensing of fuel and a payment authorization switch operable for placing the fuel dispenser in a transaction not-authorized condition that prevents dispensing of fuel, the fuel dispenser security system comprising: at least one tamper detection sensor mountable at the fuel dispenser, the at least one tamper detection sensor being operable to detect dislocation of at least one portion of the fuel dispenser shell and output a tamper detection signal upon detecting such dislocation; a dispenser security controller communicatively coupled to the at least one tamper detection sensor, the dispenser security controller being operable to generate a tamper trigger signal in response to receiving the tamper detection signal from the at least one tamper detection sensor; and a dispenser transaction-termination switch electrically coupled to the fuel dispensing circuit and in signal communication with the dispenser security controller, the dispenser transaction-termination switch operable to simulate at least one of: the fuel pump handle hang up condition; and the transaction not-authorized condition, upon receipt of the tamper trigger signal from the dispenser security controller. 2. The fuel dispenser security system according to claim 1, wherein the handle hang-up switch is moveable and the simulation of the fuel pump handle hang up condition electrically mimics a movement of the handle hang-up switch at a location on the shell. 3. The fuel dispenser security system according to claim 1, wherein the simulation opens the fuel dispensing circuit at a handle hang-up switch location on the shell. 4. The fuel dispenser security system according to claim 1, wherein the simulation of the transaction not-authorized condition is an electrical mimic of an authorization decline signal received at the fuel dispenser from a banking institution. 5. The fuel dispenser security system according to claim 1, wherein: the fuel dispenser has a payment terminal; and operation of the simulation does not interrupt power to the payment terminal. 6. The fuel dispenser security system according to claim 1, wherein the simulation is operable to at least temporarily prevent subsequent fuel purchase transactions. 7. The fuel dispenser security system according to claim 1, wherein the at least one tamper detection sensor comprises: a magnetic reed switch held in a first position when a magnet is in proximity to the magnetic reed switch and moves to a second position when the magnet is not within proximity to the magnetic reed switch. 8. The fuel dispenser security system according to claim 1, wherein the dispenser transaction-termination switch is in series with a portion of the fuel dispensing circuit. 9. The fuel dispenser security system according to claim 1, wherein the dispenser transaction-termination switch comprises: a first position allowing normal operation of the fuel dispensing circuit; and a second position interrupting the fuel dispensing circuit. 10. In combination with a fuel supply system having a shell, a fuel dispenser with a fuel pump handle hang up condition that prevents dispensing of fuel when activated, and a fuel dispensing circuit that controls the dispensing of fuel from the fuel dispenser and has a transaction not-authorized condition prevents dispensing of fuel when activated, a fuel dispenser security system, the improvement comprising: at least one tamper detection sensor being operable to detect dislocation of at least one portion of the shell and to generate a tamper detection signal; a dispenser security controller communicatively coupled to the at least one tamper detection sensor and being operable to generate a tamper trigger signal in response to receiving the tamper detection signal; and a dispenser transaction-termination switch electrically coupled to at least one of the fuel dispenser and the fuel dispensing circuit and in signal communication with the dispenser security controller, the dispenser transaction-termination switch operable to activate at least one of: the fuel pump handle hang up condition; and the transaction not-authorized condition, in response to receipt of the tamper trigger signal from the dispenser security controller. 11. A method for preventing theft of fuel from a fuel dispenser that includes a fuel dispenser shell and a fuel dispensing circuit that controls the dispensing of fuel from the fuel dispenser, the method comprising: monitoring at least one tamper detection sensor at the fuel dispenser shell, the at least one tamper detection sensor being operable to detect an intrusion into the fuel dispenser shell; generating a trigger signal with a dispenser security controller communicatively coupled to the at least one tamper detection sensor in response to receiving a tamper detection signal from the at least one tamper detection sensor; and simulating with a dispenser transaction-termination switch electrically coupled to the fuel dispensing circuit and in signal communication with the dispenser security controller, at least one of: a fuel pump handle hang up condition; and a transaction not-authorized condition, in response to receiving the trigger signal from the dispenser security controller. 12. The method according to claim 11, which further comprises carrying out the fuel pump handle hang up condition by electrically mimicking a movement of a hang up lever at the fuel dispenser shell. 13. The method according to claim 11, which further comprises carrying out the fuel pump handle hang up condition by opening the fuel dispensing circuit at a hang up lever on the fuel dispenser shell. 14. The method according to claim 11, which further comprises carrying out the simulation of a transaction not-authorized condition by mimicking a receipt of an authorization decline signal received at the fuel dispenser from a banking institution. 15. The method according to claim 11, which further comprises carrying out the simulation while not interrupting power to a payment terminal at the fuel dispenser. 16. The method according to claim 11, which further comprises carrying out the simulation to at least temporarily prevent subsequent fuel purchase transactions. 17. The method
|
['B67D732' 'B67D708' 'B67D722']
|
claim
|
12,318,702
|
[invention] 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a film formation method and apparatus for a semiconductor process for forming a silicon nitride film on a target substrate, such as a semiconductor wafer. The term “semiconductor process” used herein includes various kinds of processes which are performed to manufacture a semiconductor device or a structure having wiring layers, electrodes, and the like to be connected to a semiconductor device, on a target substrate, such as a semiconductor wafer or a glass substrate used for an FPD (Flat Panel Display), e.g., an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), by forming semiconductor layers, insulating layers, and conductive layers in predetermined patterns on the target substrate. 2. Description of the Related Art In manufacturing semiconductor devices for constituting semiconductor integrated circuits, a target substrate, such as a semiconductor wafer, is subjected to various processes, such as film formation, etching, oxidation, diffusion, reformation, annealing, and natural oxide film removal. US 2006/0286817 A1 discloses a semiconductor processing method of this kind performed in a vertical heat-processing apparatus (of the so-called batch type). According to this method, semiconductor wafers are first transferred from a wafer cassette onto a vertical wafer boat and supported thereon at intervals in the vertical direction. The wafer cassette can store, e.g., 25 wafers, while the wafer boat can support 30 to 150 wafers. Then, the wafer boat is loaded into a process container from below, and the process container is airtightly closed. Then, a predetermined heat process is performed, while the process conditions, such as process gas flow rate, process pressure, and process temperature, are controlled. In order to improve the performance of semiconductor integrated circuits, it is important to improve properties of insulating films used in semiconductor devices. Semiconductor devices include insulating films made of materials, such as SiO 2 , PSG (Phospho Silicate Glass), P—SiO (formed by plasma CVD), P—SiN (formed by plasma CVD), and SOG (Spin On Glass), Si 3 N 4 (silicon nitride). Particularly, silicon nitride films are widely used, because they have better insulation properties as compared to silicon oxide films, and they can sufficiently serve as etching stopper films or inter-level insulating films. Further, for the same reason, carbon nitride films doped with boron are sometimes used. Several methods are known for forming a silicon nitride film on the surface of a semiconductor wafer by thermal CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition). In such thermal CVD, a silane family gas, such as monosilane (SiH 4 ), dichlorosilane (DCS: SiH 2 Cl 2 ), hexachlorodisilane (HCD: Si 2 Cl 6 ), bistertialbutylaminosilane (BTBAS: SiH 2 (NH(C 4 H 9 )) 2 ), or (t-C 4 H 9 NH) 2 SiH 2 , is used as a silicon source gas. For example, a silicon nitride film is formed by thermal CVD using a gas combination of SiH 2 Cl 2 +NH 3 (see U.S. Pat. No. 5,874,368 A) or Si 2 Cl 6 +NH 3 . Further, there is also proposed a method for doping a silicon nitride film with an impurity, such as boron (B), to decrease the dielectric constant. In recent years, owing to the demands of increased miniaturization and integration of semiconductor integrated circuits, it is required to alleviate the thermal history of semiconductor devices in manufacturing steps, thereby improving the characteristics of the devices. For vertical processing apparatuses, it is also required to improve semiconductor processing methods in accordance with the demands described above. For example, there is a CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) method for a film formation process, which performs film formation while intermittently supplying a source gas and so forth to repeatedly form layers each having an atomic or molecular level thickness, one by one, or several by several (for example, Jpn. Pat. Appln. KOKAI Publications No. 2-93071 and No. 6-45256 and U.S. Pat. No. 6,165,916 A). In general, this film formation process is called ALD (Atomic layer Deposition) or MLD (Molecular Layer Deposition), which allows a predetermined process to be performed without exposing wafers to a very high temperature. For example, where dichlorosilane (DCS) and NH 3 are supplied as a silane family gas and a nitriding gas, respectively, to form a silicon nitride film (SiN), the process is performed, as follows. Specifically, DCS and NH 3 gas are alternately and intermittently supplied into a process container with purge periods interposed therebetween. When NH 3 gas is supplied, an RF (radio frequency) is applied to generate plasma within the process container so as to promote a nitridation reaction. More specifically, when DCS is supplied into the process container, a layer with a thickness of one molecule or more of DCS is adsorbed onto the surface of wafers. The superfluous DCS is removed during the purge period. Then, NH 3 is supplied and plasma is generated, thereby performing low temperature nitridation to form a silicon nitride film. These sequential steps are repeated to complete a film having a predetermined thickness.
|
['H01L21314' 'B05C1100']
|
background
|
11,387,612
|
Computer mouse having rotatable detection [SEP] [abstract] A computer mouse having rotational detectability is disclosed. The mouse has an outer housing adapted for directional movement on a horizontal plane. The mouse includes the conventional left and right buttons and scroll wheel. Additionally, the mouse includes an extendable plunger which, when extended, prohibits movement of the mouse in x-y directions yet permits rotational movement about the plunger. A sensor is included proximate the plunger for measuring rotational movement of the mouse about the plunger in the horizontal plane.
|
['G09G508']
|
abstract
|
11,333,057
|
[claim] 1. A method for making a polyisocyanate macromer of the formula: wherein f is two or more; “a” is zero to five; and when “a” is one to five, R1 is where the ethylene oxide portion of R1 may be linear or branched, and c may range from 1 to 100; R2 is where R3 is a linear or branched residue of a water soluble polymer that is capable of forming ester linkages to R4, and (i) ester linkages together with the carbonyl group of the benzoyl isocyanate moiety when “a” is zero, or (ii) urethane linkages to R1 when “a” is one or more; and R4 is an organic residue capable of having carboxylate end-groups; comprising the steps of: (a) condensing a linear polyalkylene glycol with a polycarboxylic acid so that the polycarboxylic acid is terminated with hydroxyl groups from the polyalkylene glycol, to form a polyethylene glycol ester polyol; (b) synthesizing an aromatic dinitro intermediate; (c) hydrogenating the aromatic dinitro intermediate to form a diamine intermediate, (d) purifying the diamine intermediate; (e) phosgenating the diamine intermediate to form a diisocyanate intermediate by reacting the diamine intermediate with triphosgene in a solvent; and (f) reacting the diisocyanate intermediate with the polyethylene glycol ester polyol to form an isocyonate terminated polyethylene glycol ester urethane. 2. The method of claim 1, where the purity of diamine intermediate is greater than or equal to 96% in step (d). 3. The method of claim 2, where the solvent of step (e) is selected from the group consisting of ethyeneglycol diacetate and glycerol triacetate (triacetin).
|
['C08B11193']
|
claim
|
11,148,753
|
Converter and communication control method [SEP] [abstract] A converter for connecting its ATM network with other ATM networks through a LAN, which is provided with an address translation table storing external VPIs, internal VPIs uniquely assigned to the LAN, and opposing MAC addresses for opposing converters in correspondence and a processing unit for performing control for transmitting, to the LAN, frames changed from the external VPI/VCIs of headers of cells from its ATM network to the internal VPI/VCIs by referring to the address translation table and having opposing MAC addresses corresponding to the internal VPI/VCIs attached, removing the opposing MAC addresses of frames received from the LAN by referring to the address translation table, and transmitting cells changed from internal VPI/VCIs to external VPI/VCIs to its ATM network.
|
['H04L1256' 'H04L1228']
|
abstract
|
11,248,159
|
[invention] Good project management is an important factor to the success of a project. A project may be thought of as a collection of activities and tasks designed to achieve a specific goal of the organization, with specific performance or quality requirements while meeting any subject time and cost constraints. Project management refers to managing the activities that lead to the successful completion of a project. Project management focuses on finite deadlines and objectives. A number of tools may be used to assist with project management and assessment. One of the more commonly used software packages for project schedule management is Microsoft Project. Microsoft Project allows for task data, such as duration, start date, finish date, and resources to be entered. As the project advances, information on actual performance may be entered, as well as information may be developed and presented concerning the performance of the project to date. Importantly, the cost of information processing not only includes the cost of computer hardware and software, but perhaps even more significantly, the cost of human resources devoted to gathering and processing information using computer systems. Improvements to the usability of computer hardware and software reduce the cost of human resources associated with information processing, either by reducing the amount of time directly devoted to a particular task by a human operator (user), or by reducing the level of training required of a user in order to achieve proficiency in performing the task. Continued progress of the information revolution requires still further improvements to the usability of computer systems. Graphical user interfaces (GUIs) have become standard user interfaces for a variety of software applications, including project planning software. Among the standard features of such GUIs are selectable icons for performing an action, such as toolbars, pull-down menus, and the like which offer selections to the user. A common characteristic of all these is that the user may select one action from among multiple actions offered using a pointing-device or similar input, without having to type in the name of an action. In theory, this frees the user from the need to remember commands or other selection identifiers. Generic GUI interfaces are adequate for many applications where the number of tasks that a user must perform are few and the type of application is limited in scope. However, where complexity increases, even the “prompting” provided by GUI interfaces may be inadequate. This is particularly true in the case of processes which involve contributions from a set of multiple individuals, where each individual or group of individuals in the set supports a different part of the overall process. The set may be, for example, all the employees in a particular commercial enterprise, or, for a large enterprise, would more typically be a subset of the employees involved in some particular project or aspect of the company's business which shares common data. Where different individuals in a set use common data to support some process or processes, there is a tendency to employ a software interface broad enough to cover all individuals in the set. Such a generic GUI will have toolbars, menus, and other task selections sufficient to cover the requirements of all individuals. However, most if not all of the individual users use only a portion of the array of task selections available. Therefore, any particular user is typically presented with a large number of task selections which he does not use, although other users may need those selections. This makes the number of selections unduly large, and creates confusion and annoyance among the users. In order to reduce the apparent complexity, some software designers combine different but related task selections into a single generic selection, which may be followed by a menu of options. However, this also has possible adverse ramifications, as the users might have difficulty understanding the correct generic task designation required to reach the actions they want, and the requirement of an options menu may slow user input. Another problem encountered with such generic GUIs is that individual user groups within the set of users may have specialized vocabulary for identifying particular tasks, so that the generic language used to identify a task selection may be difficult for some users to understand. It is possible to address the problems mentioned above by writing customized software applications for each group of users, or by writing a single customized software application which treats each user group differently and presents different user interfaces, involving different selections, to each group of users. Writing such customized software may consume enormous programming resources. There is, therefore, a need for an improved data processing system for managing a project.
|
['H04L900']
|
background
|
11,233,396
|
[summary] A non-volatile programmable memory cell suitable for use in a programmable logic array includes a non-volatile MOS transistor in series with a volatile MOS transistor. The non-volatile MOS transistor may be a floating gate transistor, such as a flash transistor, or may be another type of non-volatile transistor such as a floating charge-trapping SONOS, MONOS transistor, or a nano-crystal transistor. A volatile MOS transistor, an inverter, or a buffer may be driven by coupling its gate or input to the common connection between the non-volatile MOS transistor and the volatile MOS transistor. According to one aspect of the invention, a non-volatile n-channel MOS pulldown transistor is placed in series with a p-channel MOS pullup transistor. An n-channel MOS transistor has its gate coupled to the common connection between the non-volatile n-channel MOS pulldown transistor and the p-channel MOS pullup transistor. In a variation of this arrangement, an inverter or buffer may have its input coupled to the common connection between the non-volatile n-channel MOS pulldown transistor and the p-channel MOS pullup transistor. According to another aspect of the invention, a non-volatile p-channel MOS pullup transistor is placed in series with a n-channel MOS pulldown transistor. An n-channel MOS transistor has its gate coupled to the common connection between the non-volatile p-channel MOS pullup transistor and the n-channel MOS pulldown transistor. In a variation of this arrangement, an inverter or buffer may have its input coupled to the common connection between the non-volatile p-channel MOS pullup transistor and the n-channel MOS pulldown transistor.
|
['G11C1400']
|
summary
|
12,353,498
|
[invention] 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a control apparatus, a signal transmission method and a computer program product for the control apparatus. More particularly, the present invention relates to a control apparatus capable of directly transmitting an Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) report, a signal transmission method and a computer program product for the control apparatus. 2. Descriptions of the Related Art With the advancement of science and technology and the development of the IT industry, computers and networks have become indispensable to everyday life. For example, people have been accustomed to processing various data using the Internet on computers to search for information, shop and exchange data. Over recent years, wireless networks, which eliminate the need of physical network wiring and feature high mobility, have been set up. For example, the Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) wireless network, which is currently experiencing the most rapid development, has already been able to support wireless Internet connection under high-speed mobile conditions and further support voice service. In a wireless network, mobile phones or notebook type computers may be viewed as mobile apparatuses or mobile stations. When attempting to access a particular service (i.e., to browse a webpage) from the wireless network, the mobile station sends a request for establishing a wireless connection to the target webpage to the corresponding base station. Because data transmission between the mobile station and the base station does not occur continuously during webpage browsing, the mobile station may enter into an idle mode to save power when data transmission is not going on therebetween. In addition, because the population of network users has rapidly increased, the usage of network bandwidth and addresses has also significantly increased. To solve this problem, wireless network service providers and wireless network equipment manufacturers have proposed the concept of “multicast”, which is intended to reduce the usage of the network bandwidth. For example, when a plurality of users connected to different base stations are attempting to access CTV (China Television Company) program data via the wireless network, the solution of the prior art transmits the CTV program data through unicast to each of the base stations through a one-to-one correspondence, which then forwards the data to each of the users respectively. However, with the multicast method, users who attempt to access the CTV program data via the wireless network will be viewed as a single group, of which members belonging to the same group are all allowed to receive data representing the group network address. Then, the CTV program data may be transmitted to the users through the multicast at the same time. Thus, through multicast, data can be transmitted to a plurality of users at the same time, resulting in a substantial decrease in the usage of the network bandwidth and addresses. To deploy a wireless network provided with both a multicast function and an idle mode, an IGMP framework needs to be incorporated in the wireless network to provide the multicast function. FIG. 1 illustrates a wireless network 1 incorporating the IGMP framework, which comprises a multicast system 11 and a plurality of mobile stations 13 , 15 , 17 , 19 . The multicast system 11 is configured to store a multicast group list, which lists multicast groups currently existing in the wireless network 1 . For example, if there are two kinds of data that are being transmitted in the wireless network, such as the CTV program data (not shown) and CTS (China Television System) program data (not shown), the two multicast groups will be recorded in the multicast group list. That is, one of the multicast groups is set to an Internet Protocol (IP) address that transmits the CTV program data, while the other is set to another IP address that transmits the CTS program data. According to the multicast group list, the multicast system 11 periodically broadcasts an IGMP query signal 110 incorporating the IP address that transmits the CTV program data and an IGMP query signal 112 incorporating the IP address that transmits the CTS program data. Upon receiving the IGMP query signal 110 and the IGMP query signal 112 , each of the mobile stations 13 , 15 , 17 , 19 determines which multicast group it belongs to according to the IP addresses incorporated in the IGMP query signal 110 and the IGMP query signal 112 . More specifically, if the mobile stations 13 , 15 only desire to receive the CTV program data, they may join the multicast group corresponding to the CTV program; on the other hand, if the mobile station 17 only desires to receive the CTS program data, it may join the multicast group corresponding to the CTS program. Furthermore, if the mobile station 19 desire to receive both the CTV program data and the CTS program data, it may join both multicast groups corresponding to the CTV and CTS programs. When the mobile stations 13 , 15 , 17 , 19 receive the IGMP query signal 110 and the IGMP query signal 112 respectively, the mobile stations 13 , 15 return an IGMP report signal 130 and an IGMP report signal 150 respectively in response to the IGMP query signal 110 to inform the multicast system 11 that they still need to receive the CTV program data. The mobile station 17 then returns an IGMP report signal 170 in response to the IGMP query signal 112 to inform the multicast system 11 that it still needs to receive the CTS program data. The mobile station 19 then returns an IGMP report signal 190 and an IGMP report signal 192 in response to the IGMP query signal 110 and the IGMP query signal 120 respectively to inform the multicast system 11 that it still needs to receive both the CTV program data and the CTS program data. In this way, the multicast system 11 of the wireless network 1 is able to accomplish the multicast function successfully. After receiving an IGMP query signal
|
['H04H2071']
|
background
|
12,059,159
|
[invention] Conventional fuel cells use hydrogen-rich fuel (e.g. methanol) and oxygen fuel to undergo electrochemical reaction and supply electric power. This type of fuel cell must have a sophisticated balance of plant (BOP) system to control the operating conditions for the electrochemical reaction and for process control. Moreover, when the fuel cell is used in a situation where the load change is more drastic, a sophisticated power management system in addition to the BOP system for operating condition control is needed to support the secondary cells in power allocation. Thus conventional fuel cell power supply systems integrated with secondary cells not only pose control challenge. The requirement for a sophisticated BOP system or power management system could also jack up the cost of the power supply system. In light of the drawbacks of conventional fuel cells, the inventor aims to develop fuel cell power supply system integrated with rechargeable batteries.
|
['H02J700']
|
background
|
11,627,553
|
METHOD TO HEAT OR COOL VEHICLE BATTERY AND PASSENGER COMPARTMENTS [SEP] [abstract] A battery heater/cooler increases mileage, comfort and/or safety in a conventional, electric or hybrid electric vehicle. An enclosure around the battery or batteries includes an inlet for heated or cooled air or liquid and an outlet to facilitate the transfer of heated or cooled air into a passenger compartment. A second battery unit may be used in conjunction with a timer or a remote controlled device to pre-heat or pre-cool itself and the primary battery or batteries and/or passenger compartment before commute times.
|
['F25B2900' 'F24J200' 'H05B100' 'H02J700']
|
abstract
|
12,263,877
|
[claim] 1. Surface mount crimp terminal for connection to an insulated conductor having a predetermined substantially uniform external cross-sectional dimension, comprising a generally flat deformable conductive member configured to have a generally uniform U-shaped cross-section to define a wire-receiving channel having a bottom wall, suitable for attachment to a land or pad on a printed circuit board and providing a generally flat surface area suitable for cooperation with a vacuum nozzle of a pick-and-place machine, and a pair of spaced substantially parallel side walls, for receiving a length of an insulated conductor between said side walls through an open side opposing said bottom wall, said side walls being spaced from each other a distance substantially equal to the external cross-sectional dimension of the insulated conductor; said side walls being capable of being crimped or bent inwardly towards each other and towards said bottom wall to at least partially close or reduce the dimensions of said open side to urge and maintain mechanical and electrical contact with a conductor within said channel. 2. A terminal as defined in claim 1, further comprising insulation piercing means within said channel for piercing insulation on an insulated conductor positioned between said side walls upon application of a force applied urging the insulated conductor into said channel towards said bottom wall. 3. A terminal as defined in claim 1, wherein said insulation piercing means comprises at least one spike projecting from said bottom wall towards said open side. 4. A terminal as defined in claim 1, further comprising holding means for holding the conductor within said channel prior to crimping. 5. A terminal as defined in claim 4, wherein said holding means comprises protuberance means on at least one side wall projecting into said channel to create an interference fit with the conductor when at least partially inserted into said channel. 6. A terminal as defined in claim 2, wherein said at least one spike is die-cut from said bottom wall and bent in the direction of said open side, leaving cut-outs for receiving solder. 7. Method of securing an insulated conductor to a PCB by means of a surface mount insulation terminal for connection to an insulated conductor having a predetermined substantially uniform external cross-sectional dimension, comprising a generally flat deformable conductive member configured to have a generally uniform U-shaped cross-section to define a wire-receiving channel having a bottom wall, suitable for attachment to a land or pad on a printed circuit board, and a pair of spaced substantially parallel side walls, for receiving a length of an insulated conductor between said side walls through an open side opposing said bottom wall, said side walls being spaced from each other a distance substantially equal to the external cross-sectional dimension of the insulated conductor, said side walls being capable of being crimped or bent inwardly towards each other and towards said bottom wall to at least partially close or reduce the dimensions of said open side to urge and maintain a pierced insulated conductor within said channel, the method comprising the steps of positioning said bottom wall on a land or pad of a PCB; mechanically attaching the terminal to the land or pad; inserting a length of an insulated conductor at least partially into said channel; and crimping the terminal by deforming said side walls towards each other and towards said bottom wall to further urge the insulated conductor into said insulation piercing means and at least partially closing or reducing the dimensions of said open side to urge and maintain a pierced insulated conductor within said channel. 8. Method as defined in claim 7, further comprising the step of displacing the insulation of the conductor with insulation piercing means within said channel for piercing insulation on an insulated conductor positioned between said side walls upon application of a force applied urging the insulated conductor into said channel towards said bottom wall. 9. Method as defined in claim 7, further comprising the step of holding the conductor in said channel prior to crimping. 10. Method as defined in claim 9, wherein said holding step comprises providing an interference fit within said channel whereby insertion of the conductor into said channel creates a press-fit temporarily holding the conductor in said channel during crimping. 11. A crimping tool for comprising a surface mount insulation terminal for connection to an insulated conductor having a predetermined substantially uniform external cross-sectional dimension, comprising a generally flat deformable conductive member configured to have a generally uniform U-shaped cross-section to define a wire-receiving channel having a bottom wall, suitable for attachment to a land or pad on a printed circuit board, and a pair of spaced substantially parallel side walls, for receiving a length of an insulated conductor between said side walls through an open side opposing said bottom wall, said side walls being spaced from each other a distance substantially equal to the external cross-sectional dimension of the insulated conductor; insulation piercing means within said channel for piercing insulation on an insulated conductor positioned between said side walls upon application of a force applied urging the insulated conductor into said channel towards said bottom wall, said side walls being capable of being crimped or bent inwardly towards each other and towards said bottom wall to at least partially close or reduce the dimensions of said open side to urge and maintain a pierced insulated conductor within said channel, the crimping tool comprises a movable block capable of being aligned with and applying a pressure on said side walls, said block having a recess having a width substantially equal to the spacing between said side walls for initially receiving said side walls within said recess when the crimping tool is positioned at a predetermined height above said bottom wall and said recess exhibiting gradually decreasing width interacting with said side walls as said height is gradually decreased below said predetermined height; and pressure applying means for selectively applying pressure on said crimping tool to crimp said side walls to urge and maintain
|
['H01R1358' 'H01R424' 'H01R43042']
|
claim
|
11,057,925
|
[summary] These and other needs are addressed by the various embodiments and configurations of the present invention. The present invention is generally directed to a geographically distributed contact center, with the ACD logic being located in the agent domain and ACD-controlled contact processing computational components, such as port networks and gateways, being located in the caller domain. As used herein, “agent domain” refers to a geographic region in which the agents and their corresponding communication devices are located while the “caller or contactor domain” refers to a geographic region different from (and not overlapping) the agent domain in which the third party callers/contactors and their corresponding communication devices are located. Typically, the agent domain is located in a first country while the caller/contactors domain is located in a second different country. In a first embodiment of the present invention, a method for processing a contact from a contactor includes the steps of: (a) a computational component (such as a gateway or port network) receiving an incoming contact (which may be any type of real-time or near real-time packet switched or circuit switched communication such as a live voice, video and/or text communication) from a contactor; (b) the computational component setting up and parking the incoming contact; (c) the computational component signaling a media server regarding the existence of the incoming contact, wherein the media server currently controls the computational component, the media server is in communication with a plurality of agent communication devices, the media server is located in the agent domain, and the computational component is located in the contactor domain; (d) while the contact is physically located at the computational component, the media server assigning to the contact a queue position in a logical work item queue; and (e) when the assigned queue position has advanced to a selected queue position, transferring the contact from the computational component to the media server for servicing by an agent associated with one or more of the agent communication devices. The contact center can be not only a single-site but also a multi-site contact center. In the latter configuration, the contact center includes a number of media servers, each serving a corresponding number of agent communication devices and being located in different agent domains (or being collocated with the agent communication devices and agents), and a number of contact processing computational components, typically port networks and/or media gateways, located in the contactor domain. The computational components are collocated and typically interconnected by a circuit-switched line for ease of transferring contacts from one computational component to another contact processing computational component. As used herein, “collocated” refers to the computational components being located in close physical proximity to one another, such as being located in a common structure or building, in a common enclosure, or in a common cabinet, and/or being interconnected by a Local Area Network or LAN. A “LAN” refers to a network connecting several computers that are located on a user's premises within a limited, moderately sized geographical (e.g., located nearby one another such as in the one or more rooms or within one or more buildings), allowing them to share files and devices, such as printers and databases. LANs typically do not use store-and-forward techniques. Examples of protocols used by LANs include the Ethernet and Token Ring protocols. The contact processing computational component and controlling media server can be connected by a Wide Area Network or WAN. As used herein, a WAN refers to a network that interconnects computing resources that are widely separated geographically (usually over 100 km), such as a network spanning a town, city, state, and/or country. A WAN commonly spans an area greater than five miles. The Internet is a set of interconnected WANs. WANs typically utilize protocols such as the TCP/IP suite of protocols, Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) protocol, and the Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network (B-ISDN). Unlike a LAN, a WAN, due to limited available bandwidth, typically uses compressed voice, music, and/or video information. In one contact center configuration, not only the ACD logic but also agent state information and logical call queues are maintained in the agent domain while the audible feedback and physical call queues are located in the caller domain. Contrary to the prior art practice of remoting of port networks and gateways in the agent domain with the ACD logic being located in the caller domain, this configuration does the opposite when a call is delivered to the ACD logic, the call is terminated to an endpoint on the remote gateway/port network in the caller domain and receives audible feedback from a feedback device, such as an announcement circuit or tone generator, on the remote gateway/port network in the caller domain. Concurrently, the call is logically queued in the ACD logic in the agent domain. The call is delivered to an agent over the IP link in the WAN when the agent becomes available. In large multi-site configurations with multiple geographically separated agent domains, ACD logic in each agent domain maintains their respective physical call queues in the caller domain. Additionally, all port networks/gateways in the caller domain are collocated and networked by means of inexpensive direct circuit-switched connections. This complex of port-networks/gateways in the caller domain forms a global call queue for the contact center. When calls need to be offloaded or redirected from one agent domain to another, the calls are redirected from one port network/gateway to another over the inexpensive, high-capacity, direct circuit-switched connections in the global call queue. The present invention can have a number of advantages. It can eliminate the problems of mass re-registration of agent IP stations across the WAN, bandwidth consumption caused by playing audible feedback across the WAN to enqueued callers, rerouting of calls between agent domains across highly expensive circuit-switched connections, the loss of voice quality due to double or higher compression, and the high costs, contact center inefficiencies, high rates of processing resource consumption, glare, and labor intensiveness of placing ACD logic in both the agent and caller domains. These
|
['H04M300' 'H04M500' 'H04L1266']
|
summary
|
12,562,419
|
[invention] The invention relates generally to semiconductor device fabrication and, in particular, to transistors, device structures incorporating transistors, methods of fabricating transistors, and design structures for a transistor. Integrated circuits may include multiple field effect transistors fabricated using a bulk wafer of semiconductor material or the device layer of a semiconductor-on-insulator (SOI) wafer. Field effect transistors of planar device architecture have source region and drain regions defined in the semiconductor material of the bulk wafer of the device layer of the SOI wafer. The source and drain regions are separated by a channel region of opposite conductivity type. Charge carriers flow across the channel region under control of a voltage applied to a gate electrode. Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) technology, which is the prevailing technology used in integrated circuit fabrication, integrates two distinct varieties of field effect transistors known as “n-channel” and “p-channel”. Electron transport is responsible for carrier flow and output current in n-channel MOS field effect transistors. Hole transport is responsible for carrier flow and output current in p-channel MOS field effect transistors. Improved transistor device structures, improved methods for fabricating transistors, and improved transistor design structures are needed.
|
['H01L29786' 'H01L21336' 'G06F1750']
|
background
|
12,008,769
|
Signal converter having compensation unit [SEP] [abstract] A signal converter includes a signal converting unit and a compensation unit. The signal converting unit generates intermediate differential signals at intermediate nodes in response to a single-ended signal. The compensation unit generates compensated differential signals at output nodes by minimizing phase and amplitude mismatch errors between the intermediate differential signals. The compensation unit includes a pair of transistors and a pair of capacitors configured in symmetry between the intermediate and output nodes. The signal converter of the present invention may be used to particular advantage in an RF receiver.
|
['H03F304']
|
abstract
|
11,826,006
|
[invention] 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a photo recommendation method using a mood of music and a system thereof. More particularly, the present invention relates to a photo recommendation method and a system using the method, which recommend a photo using information of a mood of music, a photo color, and photo categorization after searching for an associated photo using a music title and lyrics. 2. Description of Related Art Currently, a sound source player such as an MP3 player generally tends to provide visual information, such as lyrics, with a service of playing a sound source of the MP3. In case of a digital camera, the digital camera provides a function of taking a picture of an object, and also provides a function displaying the taken photo in a various forms. Also, multimedia devices having multiple functions, such as the MP3 player function and a digital camera function, are gradually being popularized. Currently, a method which can simultaneously use the various function of the multimedia devices are required, i.e. a user simultaneously uses a function of the digital camera while listening to the sound source, played via the multimedia device. However, current techniques of using the various functions of the multimedia devices are at unsatisfactory levels since currently the user may only visualize an equalizer in form of a moving picture while listening to the sound source of the music. A photo-music association recommendation method using the multi media devices according to a related art has a search function which searches for image data having a high association with music data, using meta data of music data, and meta data of photo data. As an example, when a genre of the music data is a dance music, and when lyrics of the music data relates to break-up, and if a photo associated with Christmas is provided to a user, since the music data is the dance music, matching between the photo and the music is not properly performed. As described above, the photo-music association recommendation method using the multi media devices according to the related art has a disadvantage in that, the image data having a high association with the music data may not be accurately retrieved by using the meta data. A music recommendation method using photo information according to a related art has problems in that, music may not be variously recommended by using photo color information, and a music recommendation function, having music being recommended from a location photo, is so limited. Also, the music recommendation method using photo information according to a related art has a problem in that, the same music may be recommended since photos having contrasting atmospheres may be categorized into a similar photo group. Also, the music recommendation method using photo information according to a related art has a problem in that, a photo and music having opposite atmospheres may be recommended since there is less association between a photo categorized according to color information and music categorized according to beat information.
|
['G10H700']
|
background
|
12,162,831
|
[summary] The basic object of the present invention is to provide a wheel suspension for a motor vehicle, which has the advantages of mutually intersecting control arms but avoids the drawbacks of such an arrangement of the control arms and leads, in particular, to slight changes in the king pin angle and to a reduced tendency of the vehicle body to roll during the inward excursion of a vehicle wheel. To accomplish the object described above, according to the present invention, a wheel suspension for a motor vehicle with a vehicle wheel, which is attached to a wheel carrier, is perfected by providing the wheel carrier connected to the vehicle body via at least two control arms, which are arranged at spaced locations from one another and extend in a mutually intersecting arrangement, such that the wheel suspension has a rotary control arm, which forms a connection by means of a coupling member between the vehicle body-side end of the first control arm and the wheel carrier and/or the wheel carrier-side end of the second control arm. An inward deflection component, which increases driving safety, because it counteracts the lifting off of the vehicle wheel from the road surface, is now generated by a lateral force acting on the wheel of the vehicle. The mutually intersecting control arms have an arrangement in space which, projected onto a common plane, shows a mutually intersecting shape when viewed from a direction of view at right angles to that plane. The rolling motions of the vehicle body during driving in a curve are not fully eliminated with a solution according to the present invention, but they are at least reduced very substantially. The prior-art drawbacks already mentioned in the introduction, which occur in wheel suspensions with intersecting control arms, such as losses concerning driving safety and comfort, are avoided with the present invention. A wheel suspension is made available, which leads to a passive adjustment of the kinematic point of the vehicle body-side connection point of one of the control arms of the wheel suspension. Consequently, the body-side connection point of the first control arm of the wheel suspension is not fastened directly to the vehicle body, i.e., for example to the subframe or to the chassis, but to a rotary control arm, which in turn establishes a connection to the wheel carrier via a coupling member. A very essential advantage of the present invention is especially that besides the reduction of the tendency of the vehicle body to roll, it is possible to eliminate altogether the stabilizer, which is usually necessary in single-wheel suspensions to connect the two mutually opposite wheel sides in order to achieve, for example, stabilization of the vehicle body during driving in curves, which was mentioned in the introduction. Thus, a cost-intensive component can be eliminated, which reduces the manufacturing costs of a wheel suspension according to the present invention as a whole. The elimination of the stabilizer necessary in usual single-wheel suspensions also leads, of course, to considerable reductions in the weight of the motor vehicle with the advantages resulting therefrom. The reduction or elimination of the king pin angle of the vehicle wheels leads to a decisively reduced risk in extreme driving situations. Moreover, disturbing effects, which may develop during straight-line driving on uneven road surfaces due to changes in the king pin angle and the track width, can be avoided. The contact surface between the vehicle tire and the road surface is optimized in such a design. This in turn leads to improved static friction and hence to an increase in the driving safety of the vehicle. According to a very simple embodiment variant of the present invention, the rotary control arm may be a wishbone having three connection points. A complicated mechanism for connecting the control arms is avoided due to the use of such a wishbone. A rocker pendulum may be used as a coupling member. Another highly advantageous variant of the present invention can be seen in the use of a plurality of coupling members, which together form a deflecting linkage. The changes in the king pin angle at the vehicle wheel can be nearly completely eliminated with such a design. The vehicle wheel thus has an optimal contact with the road surface at any time and even in extreme situations and thus it increases the safety of the vehicle as a whole. Since the individual coupling members of the deflecting linkage must be connected movably to one another, it is advantageous if suitable joints are used here. A sufficient selection of joints is available in the state of the art. Joints, such as ball sleeve joints, rotary slide bearings, sleeve-type rubber springs or other elastomer bearings shall be mentioned as examples only. The joints have one degree of freedom or two degrees of freedom. Just as articulated connections are provided in the deflecting linkages, it is meaningful to also connect the rotary control arms to the vehicle body in an articulated manner. This also applies to the second control arm, which should be connected to the vehicle body on the vehicle body side via a joint. Wishbones of a conventional design can be advantageously used as control arms for a wheel suspension in a solution according to the present invention. The wheel suspension presented is an single-wheel suspension, which is designed as a multiple control arm. The present invention will be explained in more detail below on the basis of the drawings attached. The exemplary embodiments shown do not represent any limitation to the variants being shown, but are used only to explain some principles of wheel suspensions according to the present invention. Identical components or very similar components are designated by the same reference numbers. To make it possible to illustrate the mode of action according to the present invention, the figures show only highly simplified schematic views, in which components that are not essential for the present invention, such as springs, absorbers and other wheel suspension components, are not shown.
|
['B60G318' 'B60G326' 'B60G700']
|
summary
|
11,645,234
|
[invention] 1. Technical Field The present invention relates to load bearing structures. In particular, the present invention relates to multiple layer load bearing structures. 2. Background Information People spend a significant number of hours sitting each day. Regardless of the task being performed, or the leisure activity being pursued, support structures that properly support the body not only make the individual more comfortable, but may also provide significant health benefits. For this reason, extensive research and development has occurred and continues to occur into support structures for chairs, mattresses, and so forth. In the past, for example, bed systems have encompassed a wide range of designs, ranging from simple cushions to complex arrangements of individual bearing elements. These past designs have been successful to varying degrees, but do not always provide the appropriate level of support for each part of the body. Thus, while some progress has been made in providing ergonomic body support structures, there remains a need for improved support structures that provide excellent fit and comfort, as well as healthy support for the body, across a wide range of individual body types.
|
['A47C2700']
|
background
|
11,485,990
|
[invention] 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to radio apparatus, and it particularly relates to a radio apparatus using multiple subcarriers. 2. Description of the Related Art An OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) modulation scheme is one of multicarrier communication schemes that can realize the high-speed data transmission and are robust in the multipath environment. This OFDM modulation scheme has been applied to the wireless standards such as IEEE802.11a/g and HIPERLAN/2. The burst signals in such a wireless LAN are generally transferred via a time-varying channel environment and are also subject to the effect of frequency selective fading. Hence, a receiving apparatus generally carries out the channel estimation dynamically. In order for the receiving apparatus to carry out the channel estimation, two kinds of known signals are provided within a burst signal. One is the known signal, provided for all carries in the beginning of the burst signal, which is the so-called preamble or training signal. The other one is the known signal, provided for part of carriers in the data area of the burst signal, which is the so-called pilot signal (See Reference (1) in the following Related Art List, for instance). Related Art List (1) Sinem Coleri, Mustafa Ergen, Anuj Puri and Ahmad Bahai, “Channel Estimation Techniques Based on Pilot Arrangement in OFDM Systems”, IEEE Transactions on broadcasting , vol. 48, No. 3, pp. 223-229, September 2002. In wireless communications, adaptive array antenna technology is one of the technologies to realize the effective utilization of frequency resources. In adaptive array antenna technology, the directional patterns of antennas are controlled by controlling the amplitude and phase of signals, to be processed, in a plurality of antennas, respectively. One of techniques to realize higher data transmission rates by using such an adaptive array antenna technology is the MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) system. In this MIMO system, a transmitting apparatus and a receiving apparatus are each equipped with a plurality of antennas, and packet signals to be transmitted in parallel are set (hereinafter, each of data to be transmitted in parallel in a packet signal is called “stream”). That is, streams up to the maximum number of antennas are set for the communications between the transmitting apparatus and the receiving apparatus so as to improve the data transmission rates. Moreover, combining this MIMO system with the OFDM modulation scheme results in a higher data transmission rate. For the purpose of enhancing the transmission efficiency in this MIMO system, the data signals to be transmitted respectively in a plurality of packets are aggregated into a single packet. In so doing, the control signals are appended to the respective data signals. In other words, a plurality of combinations of control signals and data signals are contained in the packet signals. It is generally the case that the number of subcarries necessary for transmitting the control signal is smaller than the number of subcarriers necessary for transmitting the data signal. Accordingly, if the number of subcarriers used for the transmission of the control signal differs from that used for the transmission of the data signal, the signal strength varies periodically at the time of transmitting packets. That is, the signal strength is attenuated in part of the control signal. When such a fluctuation as this occurs, the signals received by the receiving apparatus also varies. As a result, the power of estimated channel characteristics do not match the power of control signals and thereby the receiving characteristics may possibly deteriorate as will be discussed. In a MIMO system like this, it is generally the case that the number of subcarries necessary for transmitting the control signal is smaller than the number of subcarriers necessary for transmitting the data signal. The number of subcarriers in the known signal for use in estimating the channel characteristics is made equal to the number of subcarriers in the data signal. If the number of subcarriers used for the transmission of the control signal differs from that used for the transmission of the known signal, the power of estimated channel characteristics do not correspond to the power of control signals and thereby the receiving characteristics may possibly deteriorate as will be discussed.
|
['H04K110' 'H04L102']
|
background
|
12,456,609
|
[claim] 1. A circulating water washing system toilet configured to clarify soil water containing human wastes after having washed a toilet bowl and reuse the same as wash water, comprising: a clarification treatment apparatus configured to decompose the soil water discharged from the toilet bowl independently from a toilet bowl main body portion, the clarification treatment apparatus including a soil water storage tank configured to temporarily store the soil water, a first pump configured to pump up and deliver the soil water in the soil water storage tank, a reaction treatment tower having filter elements as a microorganism carrier configured to perform a biological treatment while dispersing the soil water delivered by the first pump on the filter elements and filtering the same, a water storage tank configured to receive and store water passing through the reaction treatment tower, and a second pump configured to pump up and deliver the water in the water storage tank as the wash water. 2. The circulating water washing system toilet according to claim 1, wherein the reaction treatment tower includes a plurality of guide cylinders formed into a funnel shape of a truncated cone with a large-diameter side oriented upward and combined by being stacked one on top of another so as to place a lower opening on a small-diameter side of the upper guide cylinder inside an upper opening on the large-diameter side of the lower guide cylinder at a distance from each other, and the filter elements comprise natural wood chips as the microorganism carrier, the natural wood chips being contained in the interior of the reaction treatment tower in the interior thereof. 3. The circulating water washing system toilet according to claim 2, wherein a water delivery pipe from the first pump is drawn into an interior of the guide cylinder on an topmost layer, and a water dispersing apparatus is provided at a port end portion of the water delivery pipe for dispersing the delivered soil water onto the filter elements. 4. The circulating water washing system toilet according to claim 3, wherein the water dispersing apparatus includes a water dispersing pipe member rotatably connected to the port end portion of the downwardly bent water delivery pipe, the water dispersing pipe member including nozzle members projecting radially outward from different positions thereof with respect to the circumferential direction thereof, the nozzle member having a nozzle port on a lower surface thereof, the water dispersing pipe member being connected to a handle for a rotating operation provided out of the tower via a rotation transmitter, and the directions of projection of the nozzle members are changeable by the rotating operation of the handle. 5. The circulating water washing system toilet according to claim 1, wherein the system is configured so that the first pump is activated when the quantity of the soil water in the soil water storage tank reaches and exceeds a certain quantity and pumps up and delivers the soil water. 6. The circulating water washing system toilet according to claim 1, wherein the first pump includes a stirring device configured to break a solid component in the soil water in the vicinity of a suction port. 7. The circulating water washing system toilet according to claim 5, wherein the first pump includes the stirring device configured to break the solid component in the soil water in the vicinity of the suction port. 8. The circulating water washing system toilet according to claim 1, wherein the soil water storage tank includes a screen configured to remove foreign substances arranged on the incoming side of the soil water from the toilet bowl. 9. The circulating water washing system toilet according to claim 5, wherein the soil water storage tank includes the screen configured to remove the foreign substances arranged on the incoming side of the soil water from the toilet bowl. 10. The circulating water washing system toilet according to claim 6, wherein the soil water storage tank includes the screen configured to remove the foreign substances arranged on the incoming side of the soil water from the toilet bowl. 11. The circulating water washing system toilet according to claim 1, wherein the first pump includes a cylindrical casing provided in the soil water storage tank so as to extend vertically downward from a ceiling portion of the soil water storage tank to a position in the vicinity of a bottom portion thereof and opened at a lower end thereof as the suction port, a rotating shaft connected rotatably by a drive unit installed in the cylindrical casing at the ceiling portion, a helical blade for pumping-up operation provided on the rotating shaft on the lower side in the cylindrical casing, and a soil water delivery pipe connected to a discharge port formed at part of the cylindrical casing on the upper side and configured to allow delivery of water to the reaction treatment tower. 12. The circulating water washing system toilet according to claim 11, wherein the stirring member configured to crush the solid component sucked from the lower end opening of the cylindrical casing is provided at a lower end portion of the rotating shaft of the first pump. 13. The circulating water washing system toilet according to claim 12, wherein the soil water storage tank includes the screen configured to remove the foreign substances arranged on the incoming side of the soil water from the toilet bowl. 14. The circulating water washing system toilet according to claim 1, wherein the toilet bowl main body portion and the clarification treatment apparatus are installed on a base with casters so as to be movable. 15. The circulating water washing system toilet according to claim 11, wherein the toilet bowl main body portion and the clarification treatment apparatus are installed on the base with the casters so as to be movable.
|
['E03D5016' 'C02F312']
|
claim
|
12,366,286
|
[summary] It is therefore an object of embodiments herein to handle and/or to enable the detection of missed downlink assignments. Embodiments herein disclose a method in a first communication device for receiving control information and data over a radio channel from a second communication device. The first communication device receives at least part of a subframe over the radio channel and detects whether the subframe is a subframe with a downlink assignment intended for the first communication device. That being the case, the first communication device determines whether at least one downlink assignment for data being sent from the second communication device before the subframe has been missed by analysing an indicator associated to the subframe. The indicator providing knowledge about previous downlink subframes with downlink assignments intended for the first communication device, for example, to providing information indicating number of previous subframes with downlink assignment intended for the first communication device. Furthermore, the first communication device may also decode data within the subframe but if the first communication device detects that a previous subframe has been missed (or that a previous subframe has failed to decode) it may not need to attempt decoding since the first communication device knows that the response to be generated is a NAK or not respond at all, Discontinuous Transmission DTX. In order to perform the method a first communication device is provided for receiving control information and data over a radio channel from a second communication device. The first communication device comprises a receiving arrangement 103 adapted to receive a subframe of a radio frame, and a control unit 101 arranged to determine whether the subframe is a subframe with downlink assignment intended for the first communication device That being the case, the control unit 101 is further arranged to determine whether any downlink assignment for data, that has been scheduled in and sent from the second communication device previous the subframe, has been missed by analysing an indicator associated to the subframe. The indicator is arranged to provide knowledge of previous subframe with downlink assignments intended for the first communication device. Some embodiments disclose a method in a second communication device for transmitting control information and data over a radio channel to a first communication device in a subframe with a downlink assignment intended for the first communication device. The second communication device adds an indicator to the subframe providing knowledge about previous subframes with a downlink assignment intended for the first communication device in the control information, and transmits the control information and data with the subframe to the first communication device. In order to perform the method a second communication device is provided for transmitting control information and data with a subframe comprising a downlink assignment intended for a first communication device of a radio frame over a radio channel to the first communication device. The second communication device comprises a control unit arranged to add an indicator to the subframe arranged to provide knowledge of previous subframes with a downlink assignment intended for the first communication device in the control information, and a transmitting arrangement arranged to transmit the control information and data with the subframe to the first communication device. If the first communication device, for example, a (mobile) terminal, misses a downlink assignment sent within a set of downlink subframes associated with the same uplink subframe, referred to as the bundling window, it will notice this since the signalled downlink assignment in each downlink subframe comprises knowledge about assignments in previous subframes within the bundling window, i.e. the detection of missed downlink assignment is improved. And, in some embodiments, if the terminal selects the control channel resource associated with the last subframe with a detected assignment, it will in a way signal to the base station which was the last received DL subframe. In this way, the second communication device, for example, a base station, can detect if the terminal missed any assignments in the end, since the terminal will use the “wrong” resource, i.e. a resource not associated with what the base station knows was the last subframe with an assignment. Embodiments reduce the probability that in case a downlink assignment is missed the transmission is acknowledged as successfully received.
|
['H04W7212' 'H04J300']
|
summary
|
11,253,922
|
[summary] As previously indicated, the present invention is concerned with an aerobic process involving digestion and liquifaction of organic bodily waste material or dairy whey by aerobic bacteria naturally present in the material. The waste material is provided in the form of an aqueous slurry. One such feedstock is an aqueous slurry of pig manure. As previously stated, the waste material also contains solids, such as barley hulls, which are resistant to bacterial digestion. These solids are hereinafter referred to as ‘residual solids’. The process therefore further includes a separation step for recovering and removing residual solids. The process is carried out using a digester. The digester comprises vessel means forming separate digestion and solids recovery compartments. In operation, both compartments contain slurry. Means are provided for introducing the feed into the digestion compartment. First and second pipes extend between the compartments. The first pipe has its inlet positioned in the lower end of the solids recovery compartment. Preferably, the first pipe is upwardly slanted. Means are provided for injecting air under pressure into the inlet end of the first pipe bore. Slurry, present in the solids recovery compartment, is drawn into the inlet of the first pipe and mixes with the air as they move through the pipe bore. The resulting aerated slurry is discharged through the first pipe outlet in the form of a jet. The jet provides the motive force for inducing slurry in the digestion compartment to establish a generally vertical and circular flow. There is a relatively quiescent central core zone within the flow path. Non-digested residual solids tend to concentrate, under the influence of gravity, in the core zone. The second pipe has its inlet located in the core zone. The second pipe preferably is positioned above the first pipe and is downwardly slanted into the solids recovery compartment. Due to a difference in hydraulic head, slurry moves through the second pipe from the core zone into the solids recovery compartment. The residual solids have an affinity for air. Therefore the solids moving into the separation compartment tend to be attached to air and are buoyant. These aerated solids tend to float and collect at the upper end of the separation compartment. They may be removed therefrom by mechanical means, such as an auger or screw press. The slurry is retained in the vessel means for sufficient time to allow for digestion. During this period, the temperature in the digestion compartment rises as the bacteria multiply and process the organic matter to produce clarified metabolic water. This water tends to concentrate at the periphery of the circular flow, from whence it is removed and recovered.
|
['C02F322']
|
summary
|
End of preview. Expand
in Data Studio
README.md exists but content is empty.
- Downloads last month
- 20