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probability of T total eyes when throwing N dice with S sides Question: I want to calculate the probability of the event that the sum of all eyes of `n` dice with `s` sides (numbered from 1 to `s`) is equal to `t`. My language is Python 3. My current approach is pretty much a try-and-count solution and only works for ...
How to test class methods from outside the class in Python? Question: I am trying to test each method in a class, from another module. So here is the class. #newmodule class test: def atest(a,b): return a def btest(a,b): return b and in the othe...
TypeError: 'str' object is not callable-Python Question: Define a function test_sort that takes a tuple containing a sort function reference and a function description as a parameter and executes that sort function with the data from the previous task. Track the comparisons for each set of data, calculate the average n...
Regex: get accented letters with spaces Question: I'm trying to extract a keyword from a JSON string and get the context of the word. My string looks like: **JSON** {"1" : "Na casa de meu Pai há muitos aposentos; se não fosse assim, eu lhes teria dito. Vou preparar-lhes lugar."} Currently, my Pyth...
AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'version' Question: I am working on learning how to use pandas but get the following error: Traceback (most recent call last): File "data_frame.py", line 2, in <module> import pandas as pd File "/Users/gregwinter/anaconda2/lib/python2.7...
Preview fswebcam image as it takes picture Question: I am currently using a USB webcam with a Raspberry Pi 3. At the moment as part of a lot of other code in Python it takes a picture using the camera and saves it to a specific directory. I was wondering whether there was any way of getting a preview of the image to sh...
how do I test methods using boto3 with moto Question: I am writing test cases for a quick class to find / fetch keys from s3, using boto3. I have used moto in the past to test boto (not 3) code but am trying to move to boto3 with this project, and running into an issue: class TestS3Actor(unittest.TestCas...
Will killing Python script that called shell processes also kill the shell processes? Question: If I have some code like this in the file this_script.py: import subprocess subprocess.Popen(["python", "another_script.py"]) and I call python this_script.py and kill the proces...
Min/max for itertools python Question: Ok i got this code import itertools res = itertools.product('abc', repeat=3) for i in res: print ''.join(i) The problem is i don't know how i can also add an minimum and maximum to the word that's gonna be the output? So lets say i put in the...
Python switching between routines Question: I am writing a python program where I have three routines that need to switch between each other including a main loop, set up as follows: pseudo-code: main routine: run routine, while running: if obtained signal A run routine A, ...
Python: Appending a list doesn't actually append it? Question: I have a CSV file with names and scores in it. I've made each line a separate list but when appending a variable to this list it doesn't actually do it. My code is: import csv f = open('1scores.csv') csv_f = csv.reader(f) newlist ...
reconstructing source from objects Question: I'd like to grab the code from actual python objects. This is the opposite idea of AST and parse, I have an object in memory and I want to recreate the source code. I don't want to get down to the byte code that's excessive, I just want a representation of the code that made...
Python- Openpyxl works in console but fails to import Question: I am having an issue getting openpyxl to write to an Excel file, when I run the following code in the PyCharm Python console it works fine but when I create & run the `.py` file I get the following error : > C:\Users\David\PycharmProjects\VirtualEnv1\Virt...
Monty Hall Python Simulation Calculation Question: I'm trying to simulate the Monty Hall Problem where someone chooses a door, and a random one is removed--in the end it must be one with a car and one without, one of which someone must have chosen. While I don't need to simulate currently/ask the person using the progr...
extract data from file with python Question: I need to extract data from lines of a text file. The data is name and scoring information formatted like this: Feature_Locations: - { x:9.0745818614959717e-01, y:2.8846755623817444e-01, z:3.5268107056617737e-01 } - { x:1.1413983106613...
Python: Save a file based on user input Question: I am attempting to save a file from a python tkinter window via a 'Save As' prompt. I have looked for a while now and cannot seem to find the answer I am looking for. I can successfully save the information to a file with a default name, and even can save it using a nam...
Issue with handling the reader object in python csv module Question: The goal I am trying to accomplish is reading in only the particular data I want from a large csv file. To do this, I have a main menu that I use as a handler for data acquisition and then a separate menu for exiting or continuing. My issue arises whe...
wxPython: How to update window size as the window resizes in real-time Question: I would like to be able to obtain the window size of an app and pass it to other modules in an application, and when the window size updates (say, if a user resizes the window), the updated window size also gets passed to other modules. F...
Can Not Click "Select Photos From My Computer" Button In Google My Business Using Selenium Question: When trying to click on the Google My Business "Select Photos From My Computer" button I receive this error. I have tried using ever Identifying element type that selenium offers in the Documentation but cant seem to ge...
matplotlib two charts side-by-side with third overlying the second chart Question: I am trying to use matplotlib (more specifically the plot method from pandas) to plot two charts side-by-side in an ipython notebook with a third chart overlying the second chart and using a secondary y axis. However, I have been unable ...
'DataFrame' object has no attribute 'value_counts' Question: My dataset is a DataFrame of dimension (840,84). When I write the code: `ds[ds.columns[1]].value_counts()` I get a correct output: Out[82]: 0 847 1 5 Name: o_East, dtype: int64 But when I write a loop to store values...
robust DOM parsing with getElementsByTagName Question: The following (from "Dive into Python") from xml.dom import minidom xmldoc = minidom.parse('/path/to/index.html') reflist = xmldoc.getElementsByTagName('img') failed with Traceback (most recent call last): File "<st...
Splitting HTML text by <br> while using beautifulsoup Question: HTML code: <td> <label class="identifier">Speed (avg./max):</label> </td> <td class="value"> <span class="block">4.5 kn<br>7.1 kn</span> </td> I need to get values 4.5 kn and 7.1 as separate list items so I could append them separately...
Why doesn't Python lxml take my xml? Question: I'm using the Python lxml library to parse my xml, but I'm having a hard time parsing one specific text. Checkout the following code: >>> print type(raw_text_xml) <type 'unicode'> >>> from lxml import etree >>> article_xml_root = etree.fromstring...
Python 3 need assistance Question: def bubble_down(L, start, end): """ (list, int, int) -> NoneType Bubble down through L from indexes end through start, swapping items that are out of place. >>> L = [4, 3, 2, 1, 0] >>> bubble_down(L, 1, 3) >>> L [4, 1, 3, ...
Cannot import matplotlib in Python 3 Question: I want to install matplotlib on windows. To do this I tried those lines, git clone https://github.com/matplotlib/matplotlib cd matplotlib py setup.py build py setup.py install which I found at [this link](http://stackoverflow.com/questions/...
Flask application on uwsgi gives a TypeError: 'Flask' object is not iterable Question: I'm running Python/Flask application on Python 3.5 in a virtualenv on Arch Linux. The application is run by a uwsgi server that is connected via socket to Nginx. When I perform a request, I get the following uwsgi error: ...
Python multiprocessing.Process behaves non deterministic Question: The following code shows a simple multiprocessing.Process pipeline with a shared dictionary of lists and a task queue for different consumers: import multiprocessing class Consumer(multiprocessing.Process): def __ini...
Gradient Descent vs Adagrad vs Momentum in TensorFlow Question: I'm studyng _TensorFlow_ and how to use it, even if I'm not an expert of neural network and deep learnig (just the bases). Following tutorials I don't understand the real and practice difference between the three optimizers for a loss. Now I need an advi...
Gstreamer RTSP Server not working (SDP contains no streams) Question: Here is my code for GstRtspServer that should just stream mp4 file for now: import gi gi.require_version('Gst', '1.0') gi.require_version('GstRtspServer', '1.0') from gi.repository import Gst, GObject, GstRtspServer ...
parsing xml with python, selecting a tag using a sibling tag as selector Question: from the following xml structure and using ElementTree i'm trying to parse the descriptions' text _solely_ for the items where titles' text contain a certain keyword of interest. thanks for any suggestion <data> <ite...
Merging pandas dataframes duplicates some data Question: Thanks for taking the time to read my post. I'm using Python pandas and merging information from a number of CSV and TSV files. When I execute the 2nd merge data is duplicated in the resulting dataframe. I'm assuming, I'm missing something basic with the merge c...
Python 2.7 NUMPY ImportError: PyCapsule_Import could not import module "date time" in mac version 10.11 Question: I am using Python 2.7 and Sublime Text 3. I ran this code in terminal, and it ran well but when I try to run it using Sublime Text, it doesn't. TERMINAL MODE: Last login: Wed Mar 23 11:16:23...
error: Cython does not appear to be installed Question: Pip does not recognize Cython even though it is installed. C:\Python27>python -m pip install watchdog Collecting watchdog C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\requests\packages\urllib3\util\ssl_.py :315: SNIMissingWarning: An HTTPS ...
correct static files setting Question: Hello I'm very confused about setting static files up. Every thing works fine(displays image, javascript, css) no matter what I try. So I'm confused which one is the right one. Currently, this is how my project looks like project --project ---------static ...
Redirecting the print output to a .txt file in Python Question: I am complete beginner in Python. I have tried many methods from stackoverflow answers on this question, but neither of them works in my script. I have this little script to use, however I can not get the huge result to .txt file so I can analyize the da...
What's the best way to make a new migration in a standalone Django app? Question: I have a Django app which was spun out a while ago from the project it was originally built for, made into a separate standalone app, and put on PyPI (<https://pypi.python.org/pypi/mysociety-django-images>). The app is built expecting to ...
Store more than 1 value in python array? Question: I would like to store more than 1 value in a python array(I am open to any other data structure too). For example : array[1][2][3] = 1 # (this is what I am able to do now) But later I also get the value 2, now instead of storing it in another arr...
Why does my import time give error module object is not callable Question: I just want to use the import time function to get a timestamp from python. import time I have this sample test code which works just fine on cloud 9. import time now = int(time.time() * 1000) print no...
Python XHR Request Timing Out Question: Trying to wrap my head around using requests to get Javscript loaded content without spawning an actual browser to render it. I'm looking at using the requests lib to get the tables but I keep getting a 504 with my test code and I'm not 100% why. So I'm looking at getting horse ...
How can you extract data from this json using, beautifulsoup and python? Question: how can get those two values utc_last_updated and name given the following json ? I used requests, to get to fetch the content, and then I used BeautifulSoup to make it like it is now. But now I just want to extract the two values that I...
python-daemon doesn't call the start function Question: I've been following the [this example](https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-3143/#example-usage) to implement a python daemon, and it seems to be somewhat working, but only the reconfigure function is called. This is the code I've been using: import...
Python error: subprocess.CalledProcessError: Command returned non-zero exit status 1 Question: I need to count the lines of a shell-command output in python script. This function works fine in case there is output, but in case the output is empty, it gives an error as explained in the error output. I tried to avoid ...
Using Pandas in Python to Join Multiple Files Based on Date Question: I have csv files that I need to join together based upon date but the dates in each file are not the same (i.e. some files start on 1/1/1991 and other in 1998). I have a basic start to the code (see below) but I am not sure where to go from here. Any...
Flask & SQL Alchemy db.create_all() detect unicode returns: %r Question: I'm trying to setup a sqlite database with Flask using SQLAlchemy according to [the tutorial:](http://blog.miguelgrinberg.com/post/the-flask-mega-tutorial- part-i-hello-world "The Flask Mega-Tutorial") I get the following error when I try to run ...
Py2Exe, [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'numpy-atlas.dll' Question: I have included matplotlib in my program, I searched about numpy_atlas.dll on google and I seem to be the only one on Earth with this problem. # setup.py from setuptools import setup import py2exe setup(console=['Euler...
Self-reference of type annotations in Python Question: I'm trying to figure out how self-reference of types work with [python3's type annotations](https://docs.python.org/3/library/typing.html) \- the docs don't specify anything regarding this. As an example: from typing import TypeVar, Optional, Generi...
Does Scrapy crawl ALL links with Rules? Question: Code source: <http://mherman.org/blog/2012/11/08/recursively-scraping-web- pages-with-scrapy/#rules> Im new to python and scrapy. I searched for recursive spider and found this. I have a few questions: How does the follow work? Does it just takes href links from a pag...
How to deal with array of variable size while creating a HDF5 Dataset in Python? Question: How to create a HDF5 dataset when size of one dimension of a multidimensional array is not fixed. I tried the following toy code, but it seems that I am missing some point here. import numpy as np import h...
Split python dictionary to result in all combinations of values Question: my_dict = {'a':[1,2], 'b':[3], 'c':{'d':[4,5], 'e':[6,7]}} I need to derive all the combinations out of it as below. {'a':1, 'b':3, 'c':{'d':4, 'e':6}} {'a':1, 'b':3, 'c':{'d':4, 'e':7}} {'a':1, 'b':3, 'c':{'d':5...
python prettytable module raise Could not determine delimiter error for valid csv file Question: I'm trying to use prettytable module to print out data from csv file. But it failed with the following exception > Could not determine delimiter error for valid csv file >>> import prettytable >>> with fi...
TypeError: argument of type 'WindowsPath' is not iterable - in open of pdf file with python Question: Good day, I want to open the pdf files that have a specific name from a directory . These file names are provided from a csv file input, which are in the second column. I tried the follwing code, but I received an er...
Raspberry Pi SMBus support combined data transmission? Question: I am trying to use the ACS764 Hall effect current sensor with Raspberry Pi. This sensor will sense the current and return its value via the chip built-in I2C interface. I had connected the circuit according to the specification. On my Raspberry Pi Python ...
How to access python objects with a dynamic object name? Question: I have a question to one of my python scripts. I'm using the library untangle (<https://github.com/stchris/untangle>) to import and convert xml config files into the main script. The problem: I have user informations in the config file for more than on...
Catching Keyboard Interrupt with Raw Input Question: I have a bit of python code to to try and make raw_input catch keyboard interrupts. If I run the code in this function it works perfectly fine. But if I run it in my program, the print statement is never made, indicating that the keyboard interrupt is not caught. The...
python, Storing and Reading varying dictionary size information in a csv file Question: I have implemented a python dictionary which has SQL query & results. logtime = time.strftime("%d.%m.%Y) sqlDict = { 'time':logtime, 'Q1' : 50, 'Q2' : 15, ...
Python send control + Q then control + A (special keys) Question: I need to send some special keystrokes and am unsure of how to do it. I need to send `Ctrl` \+ `Q` followed by `Ctrl` \+ `A` to a terminal (I'm using Paramiko). i have tried shell = client.invoke_shell() shell.send(chr(10)) ...
Python: simplifying code by writing it in a more Pandas specific way Question: I wrote some code that finds the distance between gps coordinates based on machines having the same serial numbers looking at * [Fast (but not very accurate) Method for Finding Distance between 2 Points using Python and Pandas](http://sta...
python & pandas: iterating over DataFrame twice Question: Doing a mahalanobis calculation for each row of a DataFrame with distances to every other row in the DataFrame. It kind of looks like this: import pandas as pd from scipy import linalg from scipy.spatial.distance import mahalanobis fro...
How to detect lines accurately using HoughLines transform in openCV python? Question: I am a newbie in both `python` and **`opencv`** and I am facing a problem in detecting lines in the following image, which has strips of black lines laid on the ground: [![enter image description here](http://i.stack.imgur.com/aMHlL....
Move from an array of 'labels' to array of equations corresponding to those labels in Python 2.7 Question: How can I **efficiently** move from an array of essentially labels to equations corresponding to those labels in python 2.7? This image illustrates what I mean: ![](https://i.imgur.com/fmGuL2D.png) The equation...
Reading a list stored in a text file, Python, Question: I have a file whose content is in the form of a python list such as the following: ['hello','how','are','you','doing','today','2016','10.004'] Is there any way to read the python file back into a list object? instead of using `.read()` and hav...
Formatting a column with pandas Question: I'm new to Pandas and Python. We have a firewall application that parses out our ACLs in CSV format. The problem is -it provides way too much info -the format of the data makes the info useless We've been editing these queries by hand until now. I've figured out how to use p...
Python: Returning a filename for matching a specific condition Question: import sys, hashlib import os inputFile = 'C:\Users\User\Desktop\hashes.txt' sourceDir = 'C:\Users\User\Desktop\Test Directory' hashMatch = False for root, dirs, files in os.walk(sourceDir): for filenam...
remove element from xml file with lxml python Question: Im trying to remove specific entries from big xml file. I find the specific entries by their text from list of text enteries that should be deleted. I run this code : #!/usr/bin/env python from lxml import etree g = open("/root/s...
Python runtime error dictionary Question: I have made this code, I believe the problem is in Line 30 (32), I get the following error about the dictionary **"RuntimeError: dictionary changed size during iteration"** I am at a loss, a google search and a look around stack overflow had some examples and similar issues but...
Generate a random length is 12 string that is comprised uppercase and lowercase alpha and numbers Question: How can I create a Python algorithm to generate a 12 character string comprised of unique uppercase and lowercase alpha and numbers? In my situation, it would be used as a unique session/key identifier that woul...
How to get python libraries in pyspark? Question: I want to use matplotlib.bblpath or shapely.geometry libraries in pyspark. When I try to import any of them I get the below error: >>> from shapely.geometry import polygon Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> ...
Cannot install uwsgi on Alpine Question: I'm trying to install uwsgi using `pip install uwsgi` in my Alpine docker image but unfortunately it keeps failing weird no real error message to me: Complete output from command /usr/bin/python -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-mEZegv/uwsgi...
Python indexerror Question: When running this in IDLE "run module" i retrieve the error below. I have tried a lot of different things, but nothing seems to work! I'm just learning python, and don't know much yet.. print ("[+] Universal DLL Injector by Ckacmaster") print ("[+] contact : If you know me...
Python reads tif image differently on Mac and Windows. Why? How? Which is correct? How to fix? Question: I am trying to process some data stored as a tif image. To my dismay, python 2.7x reads it out differently on my Mac laptop and my Windows workstation. # import modules import numpy import mat...
Can't get fractal image to work Question: So I'm working on a homework assignment regarding using image objects in python. I'm using python 3.4.1 for this assignment. I feel like I have everything done, but it doesn't want to work correctly. Basically, I'm trying to get it to look like the picture that I've attached, b...
Image gradients become inaccurate when downscaling using a variety of different methods Question: We have a fairly complex image processing script written in Python which is using PIL and numpy. For one of the steps, we have a very sensitive multi channel gradients which is a lookup table. Once it has been created, it ...
How to sort a LARGE dictionary Question: I have a python script that is working with a large (~14gb) textfile. I end up with a dictionary of keys and values, but I am getting a memory error when I try to sort the dictionary by value. I know the dictionary is too big to load into memory and then sort, but how could I g...
Finding the top 10 and converting it from centimeters to inches - Python Question: I am reading data from file, like listed below, it is a .dat file: 1 Carmella Henderson 24.52 13.5 21.76 2 Christal Piper 14.98 11.01 21.75 3 Erma Park 12.11 13.51 18...
How to parallelize the numpy operations in cython Question: I am trying to parallelize the following code which includes numerous numpy array operations #fft_fit.pyx import cython import numpy as np cimport numpy as np from cython.parallel cimport prange from l...
Environment variable not accessible with Python with sudo Question: I've got an issue with my python script First, I defined an environment variable as export TEST=test My Python script is quite easy "test.py" import os print os.environ['TEST'] So when I run it with ...
Python 3: Read UTF-8 file containing German umlaut Question: I searched and found many similar questions and articles but none would allow me to resolve the issue. I use Python 3.5.0 (v3.5.0:374f501f4567, Sep 13 2015, 02:27:37) [MSC v.1900 64 bit (AMD64)] on Windows 10. I have a simple text file which is encoded for ...
BeautifulSoup: Extract "img alt" content Web Scraping in Python Question: I am working in python 3. My objective is extracting differents values of one table and to put them in differents lists. The problem is that i can't take the value of "img alt" in a td. This is my code: from bs4 import Beauti...
Attribute error while using opencv for face recognition Question: I am teaching myself how to use openCV by writing a simple face recognition program I found on youtube. I have installed opencv version 2 as well as numpy 1.8.0. I am using python2.7. I copyed this code exactly how it was done in the video and article l...
ValueError: could not convert string to float: pi Question: i'm making a program (w/python 2.7) to approximate sin(x) with taylor series, here's the code: from math import pi from math import sin from math import factorial x=float(raw_input("Degree(in radian, example: 5*pi/4): ")) n=input...
how to store default username and password for login system test in sqlalchemy Question: Trying to make a simple login system in Python using pyramid framework. What I want to be able to do now is for example if we're working in php we can easily open phpmyadmin and set a fields with username and password that we can u...
how to limit number of super user in django Question: In my django project, I want that there will be only one super user and no more super users can be create by **python manage.py createsuperuser** Is it possible? If possible how? Answer: You can write a script to check number of superuser. Suppose you want 10 sup...
documenting imports in Python Question: So imagine I have a Django 1.9 application with many models. Inside `admin.py` I import my models, but I want to stick to the 80 character limit. What is the best practice for something like this? For example from .models import app_name_student, app_name_teacher...
How to write variables to a temporary file in python Question: I have been trying to write variables to a temporary text file but I get the following error: Traceback (most recent call last): File "F:/A453/_Codes_/APP CONFIG/Temp.py", line 102, in <module> ORXQC-IIHL2-6AV55-FIJEV-2""") ...
Python create_user error Question: I am getting an error `ValueError: Users must have a valid username` when trying to invoke the create_superuser command from the command line using Django 1.7.1. I am following a tutorial that creates a custom User model with the email field as the USERNAME_FIELD. It doesn't prompt me...
Improving order of operations and testing if a value has a decimal Question: I'm trying to create a program that prints out pentagonal numbers up to n = 100. A pentagonal number is defined as n(3n-1)/2 for n = 1, 2, 3 so the first pentagonal numbers would be 1, 5, 12, 22..etc package mathematical.functio...
Server has connection only with one client, Python Socket Question: First of all, I hope I'm not writing too much. I'm new and I want that no one has a doubt, that everything will be clear for the readers. I hope someone can help me. I have been working in a socket server and client for some weeks. As time passes I ad...
Execute Python Script Every Hour Question: # Goal I have a script written in python. 1. connect to database 2. insert some fake data My goal is execute that script every hour. * * * # `database.py` #!/usr/bin/python import MySQLdb import random import requests import ti...
regEx - Isolate punctuation in Python 3.x Question: I have been trying to use the regEx module (regular expression) to single out punctuation, but I just can't figure it out. Does anyone have any useful information on this? import re n = True while n == True: name = input("What is yo...
Performing PCA on a dataframe with Python with sklearn Question: I have a sample input file that has many rows of all variants, and columns represent the number of components. A01_01 A01_02 A01_03 A01_04 A01_05 A01_06 A01_07 A01_08 A01_09 A01_10 A01_11 A01_12 A01_13 A01_14 A01_15 A01_16 A...
Find particular rows in Graphlab or Python Question: In Graphlab, I am working with a small subset of movies from a larger list. movieIds_5K_np = LL_features_SCD_min.to_numpy()[:,0] ratings_33K_np = ratings_33K.to_numpy() `movieIds_5K_np` is an array containing my movieIds. `ratings_33K_np...
Django First Tutorial: ImportError: No module named 'polls' Question: I've set up Django on my Windows 10 PC, and was working through the first tutorial: <https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.9/intro/tutorial01/> I can't seem to do the first part, because of an import error. Here's the views.py script: ...
String manipulating in python Question: I'm trying to make a function that will take a string an remove any blocks of text from it. For example turning "(example) somestuff" into "somestuff" removing any blocked text from the string. This is a single function for a large program that is meant to automatically create di...
Using Python to search string where a number iterates Question: I'm trying to write a script that will search a string in google, loop and iterate the number in the string, and print the top links. I have this: import urllib.parse import urllib.request import json as m_json for x in rang...
Python: Looping through files in a different directory and scanning data Question: I am having a hard time looping through files in a directory that is different from the directory where the script was written. I also ideally would want my script through go to through all files that start with sasa. There are a couple ...
removing json items from array if value is duplicate python Question: I am incredibly new to python. I have an array full of json objects. Some of the json objects contain duplicated values. The array looks like this: [{"id":"1"."name":"Paul","age":"21"}, {"id":"2","name":"Peter","age":"22"}, ...
Find a String in a .txt file Question: I want to find a specific string in different .txt files which I can choose in my computer's files. This code actually work : string = "example" fichier = open(file_path,"r") for line in fichier: if string in line: print string fichi...
Boost.Python return a list of noncopyable objects Question: I have a type `X` that is noncopyable and I want to expose a function that creates a `list` of them: #include <boost/python.hpp> namespace py = boost::python; struct X { X(int i) : i(i) { } X(const X& ) = delete...
I don't understand why can't open() file correctly in Python 2.x Question: Here is my code: from os.path import exists def confirm(file_name): while not exists(file_name): print "File doesn't exist." file_name = raw_input("File name: ") from_file = raw_in...