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PubMedAbstractsSubset

title stringlengths 0 1.13k	abstract stringlengths 1 15.7k	PMID int64 22 36.5M
[Demonstration of tumor inhibiting properties of a strongly immunostimulating low-molecular weight substance. Comparative studies with ifosfamide on the immuno-labile DS carcinosarcoma. Stimulation of the autoimmune activity for approx. 20 days by BA 1, a N-(2-cyanoethylene)-urea. Novel prophylactic possibilities].	A report is given on the recent discovery of outstanding immunological properties in BA 1 [N-(2-cyanoethylene)-urea] having a (low) molecular mass M = 111.104. Experiments in 214 DS carcinosarcoma bearing Wistar rats have shown that BA 1, at a dosage of only about 12 percent LD50 (150 mg kg) and negligible lethality (1...	22
The effect of o-salicylate upon pentose phosphate pathway activity in normal and G6PD-deficient red cells.	The effect of the major metabolite of aspirin, namely salicylic acid, upon the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) of normal and G6PD-deficient red cells has been studied. Salicylic acid was shown to inhibit this pathway in proportion to the amount present. At any concentration of this substance there was greater inhibitio...	35
Purification and properties of Escherichia coli dihydrofolate reductase.	Dihydrofolate reductase has been purified 40-fold to apparent homogeneity from a trimethoprim-resistant strain of Escherichia coli (RT 500) using a procedure that includes methotrexate affinity column chromatography. Determinations of the molecular weight of the enzyme based on its amino acid composition, sedimentation...	46
Bile acids. XLVII. 12alpha-Hydroxylation of precursors of allo bile acids by rabbit liver microsomes.	Rabbit liver microsomal preparations fortified with 0.1 mM NADPH effectively promote hydroxylation of [3beta-3H]- or [24-14C]allochenodeoxycholic acid or [5alpha,6alpha-3H2]5alpha-cholestane-3alpha,7alpha-diol to their respective 12alpha-hydroxyl derivatives in yields of about 25 or 65% in 60 min. Minor amounts of othe...	65
Myosin from arterial smooth muscle: isolation following actin depolymerization.	The contractile proteins from arterial smooth muscle are highly soluble, and can be extracted at I = 0.05. However, they can be precipitated by a prolonged dialysis at pH 6 to give an actomyosin with a high, although variable, actin:myosin ratio. The sedimentation behavior of this actomyosin at high ionic strength was ...	85
Polymer concentration dependence of the helix to random coil transition of a charged polypeptide in aqueous salt solution.	The helix to coil transition of poly(L-glutamic acid) was investigated in 0.05 and 0.005 M aqueous potassium chloride solutions by use of potentiometric titration and circular dichroism measurement. Polymer concentration dependence of the transition was observed in the range from 0.006 to 0.04 monomol/e in 0.005 M KG1 ...	96
Inhibitory postsynaptic actions of taurine, GABA and other amino acids on motoneurons of the isolated frog spinal cord.	The actions of glycine, GABA, alpha-alanine, beta-alanine and taurine were studied by intracellular recordings from lumbar motoneurons of the isolated spinal cord of the frog. All amino acids tested produced a reduction in the amplitude of postsynaptic potentials, a blockade of the antidromic action potential and an in...	128
Effects of zinc-smelter emissions on forest soil microflora.	Within 2 km of a zinc (Zn) smelter in Palmerton, Pennsylvania, near the Lehigh Water Gap, up to 13.5% Zn by weight has been measured in the O2 horizon of the soil, and up to 8% Zn in the A1 horizon. The total numbers of bacteria, actinomycetes, and fungi (measured by dilution plate counts) were greatly reduced in the m...	142
Effects of decreasing arterial blood pressure on cerebral blood flow in the baboon. Influence of the sympathetic nervous system.	The influence of the sympathetic nervous system on the cerebral circulatory response to graded reductions in mean arterial blood pressure was studied in anesthetized baboons. Cerebral blood flow was measured by the 133Xe clearance method, and arterial blood pressure was decreased by controlled hemorrhage. In normal bab...	153
Serum lactate dehydrogenase activity ratios with different substrates.	1. The lactate dehydrogenase activity of 89 sera from patients suffering myocardial infarction and of 55 sera from patients with hepatocellular damage was assayed under optimal conditions using pyruvate, alpha-oxobutyrate, hydroxypyruvate and glyoxylate as substrates. Activity was also measured with lactate as substrat...	159
Arterial catecholamines in hypoxic exercise in man.	1. We measured the minute ventilation and arterial blood catecholamine concentrations in four normal men standing and at two levels of moderate treadmill exercise breathing 14% oxygen or air. 2. Minute ventilation was significantly higher during hypoxic exercise than during normoxic exercise at an oxygen uptake of 1500...	171
An evaluation of factors affecting the in vitro bioassay for erythropoietin.	Two main aspects of the in vitro mouse foetal liver cell assay for Erythroid Stimulating Factor (ESF) in human sera have been investigated. The haem extraction process has been shown to give specific and quantitative recovery of 59Fe labelled haem from haemoglobin thus confirming that the material assayed in human sera...	250
[Synthesis of N-substituted isoindolines].	Some derivatives of isoindoline were prepared in order to test their cardiovascular activity. Pharmacological tests showed that some of the compounds had moderate alpha-blocking and coronarodilatory activity whereas others had some local anesthetic activity.	251
Gluconic acid production by Penicillium puberulum.	Twenty-five Penicillium species isolated from Egyptian soil were examined for their ability to produce gluconic acid in surface culture. Of the eight species capable of producing gluconic acid, Penicillium puberulum gave the maximum yield (91% gluconic acid from glucose after 7 days of fermentation with 3% CaCO3). Pept...	288
Phenomenon of hot-cold hemolysis: chelator-induced lysis of sphingomyelinase-treated erythrocytes.	Staphylococcus aureus produces a phospholipase C specific for sphingomyelin (beta-hemolysin). Erythrocytes with approximately 50% sphingomyelin in their membranes, e.g., from sheep, have been shown to have up to 60% of this phospholipid hydrolyzed by this enzyme at 37 C in isotonic buffered saline without hemolysis. Co...	333
Degradation of myxovirus virion RNA by periodate.	Extensively degraded RNA was isolated from virions of influenza virus which had been oxidized with sodium m-periodate. Similarly, although to a lesser extent, RNA isolated from periodate-treated ribonucleoprotein of influenza virus was also degraded. In contrast, influenza virus RNA, if first freed from other virion co...	344
Phospholipase D activity of gram-negative bacteria.	A phospholipase hydrolyzing cardiolipin to phosphatidic acid and phosphatidyl glycerol was characterized in gram-negative bacteria but was absent in preparations of gram-positive bacteria, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and rat liver mitochondria. In cell-free extracts of Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Proteus vu...	360
Expression of the hut operons of Salmonella typhimurium in Klebsiella aerogenes and in Escherichia coli.	The normal hut (histidine utilization) operons, as well as those with mutations affecting the regulation of their expression, of Salmonella typhimurium were introduced on an F' episome into cells of S. typhimurium and Klebsiella aerogenes whose chromosomal hut genes had been deleted and into cells of Escherichia coli, ...	362
Transport of molybdate by Clostridium pasteurianum.	The transport of 99MoO42- into dinitrogen-fixing cells of Clostridium pasteurianum was investigated. Transport of molybdate in this organism is energy dependent; sucrose is required in the minimal media, and the system is inhibited by the glycolysis inhibitors, NaF, iodoacetic acid, and arsenate. The cells accumulate m...	364
D-Lactate dehydrogenase of Peptostreptococcus elsdenii.	D-Lactate dehydrogenase has been purified to near homogeneity from Peptostreptococcus elsdenii. As isolated, the enzyme contains flavine adenine dinucleotide and a tightly bound metal cofactor. Inactivation by ortho-phenanthroline occurs in two steps and is partially blocked by D-lactate. Reactivation by divalent metal...	368
Studies on trypsin inhibitor in barley. I. Purification and some properties.	To clarify the properties and functions of a trypsin inhibitor from Japanese barley in comparison with the inhibitor from Pirkka barley, an inhibitor was isolated from the barley Hordeum distichum L var. emend Lamark by extraction with 1% NaCl, ammonium sulfate fractionation and repeated chromatography on DEAE-cellulo...	380
Structural studies of two ovalbumin glycopeptides in relation to the endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase specificity.	Heterogeneities of the two ovalbumin glycopeptides, (Man)5(GlcNAc)2Asn and (Man)6(GlcNAc)2Asn, were revealed by borate paper electrophoresis of oligosaccharide alcohols obtained from the glycopeptides by endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase H digestion and NaB3H4 reduction. The structures of the major components of the ol...	389
Trypsin-sensitive photosynthetic activities in chloroplast membranes from Chlamydomonas reinhardi, y-1.	Location of electron transport chain components in chloroplast membranes of chlamydomonas reinhardi, y-1 was investigated by use of proteolytic digestion with soluble or insolubilized trypsin. Digestion of intact membrane vesicles with soluble trypsin inactivates the water-splitting system, the 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1...	400
Methods to improve detection of pneumococci in respiratory secretions.	Simple methods to enhance the detection of pneumococci in respiratory secretions are needed. Sheep blood agar containing 5 mug of gentamicin per ml was more often positive (89%) than either standard sheep blood agar (54%) or mouse inoculation (65%) in recovering pneumococci from 62 adult and pediatric patients. In adul...	421
On the interactions between pancreatic lipase and colipase and the substrate, and the importance of bile salts.	The interactions between pancreatic lipase and colipase and the substrate and the effect of bile salts on these interactions have been investigated by the use of kinetic experiments and studies on the semiquantitative phase distribution of lipase and colipase activities. The results suggest that lipase binds to hydroph...	446
An electrophysiological analysis of chemoreception in the sea anemone Tealia felina.	1. Electrophysiological techniques have been employed to examine the nature of the response observed in the ectodermal slow-conduction system (SSI) when dissolved food substances contact the column of Tealia felina. The response seems to consist entirely of sensory activity which may continue for periods of many minute...	449
Binding of bile acids to cholestyramine at gastric pH conditions.	The binding of bile salts to cholestyramine was studied under varying conditions of pH and added electrolyte. The taurine-conjugated bile salts were strongly absorbed by the anion-exchange resin at low pH and in the presence of chloride anions. Glycocholic acid binding was very weak at low pH but increased strongly wit...	486
The formation of synapses in amphibian striated muscle during development.	1. A study has been made of the formation of synapses in developing reinnervated and cross-reinnervated amphibian twitch muscles which receive either a focal (iliofibularis) or a distributed (sartorius) innervation from 'en plaque' nerve terminals using histological, ultrastructural and electrophysiological techniques....	494
The avian erythrocyte: a study of fixation for electron microscopy.	The quality of ultrastructural preservation of the avian erythrocyte achieved using various fixation techniques is evaluated. Different combinations of initial fixatives, buffers and post-fixation procedures were tested as well as variations in fixative osmolarity, pH and temperature. Of the commonly used initial fixat...	508
Lipoxygenase isozymes of peanut.	Lipoxygenase was isolated and partially purified from peanut seed by ammonium sulfate precipitation, gel filtration, and ion exchange column chromatography. Three isozymes of lipoxygenase were identified. Two had pH optima of 6.2, and the other an optimum of 8.3. Molecular weight of each isozyme was 7.3 x 10(4), as det...	580
The regulation of striatal tyrosine hydroxylase. Effects of gamma hydroxybutric acid and healperidol.	Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHBA) in doses that increased the striatal dopamine (DA) content of rat brain failed to increase the affinity of striatal tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) for its pterdine cofactor or to change the sensitivity of the enzyme to the inhibition by DA. Haloperidol (1 mg/kg) decreased the apparent Km of ...	629
The influence of cortisol on the enzymes of fatty acid synthesis in developing mammalian lung and brain.	Administration of cortisol to fetal rabbits resulted in a 42% inhibition of pulmonary de novo fatty acid synthesis from acetyl coenzyme A (CoA) (P = less than 0.025). This was associated with inhibition of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (EC. 6.4.1.2.) activity (P = less than 0.01) and a tendency towards decreased activity of f...	648
Intranasal betamethasone valerate in seasonal rhinitis.	A double-blind study comparing betamethasone valerate and placebo aerosols was carried out in 40 patients with a history of seasonal allergic rhinitis and positive skin tests to grass pollens. Analysis of the symptoms recorded on a daily record card for a period of one month indicated that the mean monthly symptom-scor...	665
Light-dependent absorption and selective scattering changes at 518 nm in chloroplast thylakoid membranes.	The light-induced absorbance change at 518 nm of isolated chloroplasts consists of a rapid phase, and a slow phase which is complete in about 20 sec. The slow component of the 518 nm absorbance change correlates with the light-induced change in 90 degrees light scattering at 518 nm. Both show a similar time course, sim...	669
Mechanism of action of penicillin: triggering of the pneumococcal autolytic enzyme by inhibitors of cell wall synthesis.	During penicillin treatment of an autolysin defective mutant pneumococcus we have observed three novel phenomena: (i) Growth of the mutant cultures is inhibited by the same concentrations of penicillin that induce lysis in the wild type. (ii) Mutant bacteria treated with the minimum growth inhibitory concentration of p...	674
Evaluation of combined pharmacological and psychotherapeutic treatment in patients with functional abdominal disorders.	78 patients suffering from various functional abdominal complaints have been trated in a 2 x 2 double-blind design: (a) psychotherapy with Ro 5-3350 (TH/Ro); (b) psychotherapy with placebo (TH/P); (c) Ro 5-3350 without psychotherapy (NIH/Ro); (d) placebo without psychotherapy (NTH/P). Results show that a considerable a...	725
Alterations in norepinephrine pattern in the damaged myocardium in the rat.	In the albino rat, the evolvement of myocardial necrosis induced by a single injection of ISO was accompanied by a fall in total NE. Pretreatment with propranolol and pargyline protected against ISO-induced necrosis and myocardial hypertrophy, but did not influence the ISO-induced depletion of NE stores. The depletion ...	742
[Biosynthesis of flavins and its regulation in the yeast Pichia guilliermondii].	The nature of riboflavin precursors was studied in the yeast Pichia guilliermondii. By means of mutants with blocked GMP-synthetase the purine precursors of riboflavin were shown to belong to guanylic compounds. Accumulation of 2,4,5-triamino-6-oxypyrimidine, 2,5-diamino-6-oxy-4-ribitylaminopyrimidine, 2,6-dioxy-5-amin...	834
[Catecholamines, cholinergic and serotoninergic complexes as criteria of prognosis in acute cranio-cerebral trauma].	In experiments on 30 animals and in observations over the course of acute closed craniocerebral trauma in 24 patients is was found that the course and prognosis of a posttraumatic period were dependent on the functional activity of the sympathoadrenal system and cholin- and serotoninergic processes. Based on the data o...	839
[Sympathico-adrenal system activity in a primary immune response].	Experiments were carried out on linear mice immunized with sheep erythrocytes; it was found that the primary immune respose developed against the background of significant changes in the state of the sympathico-adrenal system, whose activity was determined by the dynamics of catecholamines in the blood and in the tissu...	877
Further characterization of the association of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase with reticulocyte membranes.	1. The behaviour and properties of membrane-bound GAPDH of rabbit reticulocytes were investigated. 2. The bound GAPDH is more resistant to inactivation by KCl than the soluble enzyme (allotopy). 3. The bound enzyme is released by electrolytes. This effect does not only depend on the ionic strength but additionally on t...	880
[Effect of the vagus nerve on isolated rabbit atria in ganglionic blockade due to hexamethonium].	By quantitative stimulation of the vagus nerves of isolated rabbit atria frequency-response relations were obtained for both the electrotropic effect (reduction of the area of the monophasic action potential) and the inotropic response. An addition of hexamethonium in a final concentration of 10(-5) g/ml resulted in a ...	881
Comparative study of virological infections in asthmatic and nonasthmatic children.	The author shows complex analyses: clinical, laboratory, X-rays, bronchoscopical, bronchographical and measuring lung function tests as well as the serological examinations in blood serum of both groups of asthmatic and nonasthmatic children with virological infection. The calculation of statistically significant diffe...	884
[Tumour hyperacidulation through intravenous glucose infusion enhanced by amygdalin and beta-glucosidase application (author's transl)].	Tumour peracidity in otherwise moderately hyperacidulated tumours or tumour regions of DS carcinosarcoma-bearing Wistar rats attained by glucose infusion was substantially increased by simultaneous infusion of amygdalin and intratumoral i.m. or i.v. application of beta-glucosidase. Here the pH value of healthy tissue, ...	979
Metachromatic leukodystrophy. Ultrastructural and enzymatic study of a case of variant O form.	A variant of metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD), Austin disease, is characterized by a multiple isozyme deficiency of arylsulfatase. A 3 1/2-year-old girl with progressive mental and physical deterioration had decreased activities of arylsulfatases A and B in the leukocytes, shown by acylamide gel electrophoresis. Unde...	985
Plastid development in primary leaves of Phaseolus vulgaris. Development of plastid adenosine triphosphatase activity during greening.	The etioplasts of dark-grown bean leaves showed ATPase (adenosine triphosphatase) activity which had a pH optimum of 8.5, was stimulated by dithiothreitol and unaffected by light-triggering. Bean chloroplasts showed a low activity of dark-induced ATPase with a pH optimum of 8.5 and a substantial amount of light-trigger...	990
Determination of polyadenylate-rich ribonucleic acid in the nucleus and in the cytoplasm of plasmacytoma cells.	A number of parameters affecting the adsorption of rRNA and poly(A)-containing RNA to Millipore filters were investigated separately. Binding of both types of RNA to the filter was dependent on the concentration of RNA, pH and Mg2+ concentration of the reaction mixture. Both types of RNA bound to the filter optimally a...	999
Properties of 5-aminolaevulinate synthetase and its relationship to microsomal mixed-function oxidation in the southern armyworm (Spodoptera eridania).	1. Activity of 5-aminolaevulinate synthetase was measured in the midgut and other tissues of the last larval instar of the southern armyworm (Spodoptera eridania Cramer, formerly Prodenia eridania Cramer). 2. Optimum conditions for measuring the activity were established with respect to all variables involved and consi...	1,004
The distribution and elimination of radioactivity in the rat after administration of 14C-4-acetamidophenyl-2-acetoxybenzoate (benorylate).	Following oral administration of 4-acetamido-phenyl-2-acetoxybenzoate (carboxyl-14C) (benorylate) to rats, no gross differences were detected 7.5 h after administration with respect to the distribution of 14C in various tissues, including the upper sections of the small intestine. A high concentration of 14C was found ...	1,051
Lysosomal hydrolases of the epidermis. 3. Peptide hydrolases.	Four distinct peptide hydrolases (EC 3-4) have been characterized in guinea-pig epidermis; these are cathepsin B1, cathepsin C, cathepsin D and arylamidase. Their properties are consistent with those of lysosomal enzymes. Cathepsin E was not detected.	1,081
[Kinetics and mechanism of action of horseradish peroxidase in the reaction of dioxyfumaric acid oxidation with atmospheric oxygen].	Quantitative kinetic data are given on the oxidation reaction of dioxyfumaric acid (DFA) with atmospheric oxygen in the presence of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) depending on pH. Activation constants of oxidation with hydrogen peroxide and Mn ions are determined at pH 3.0. Autocatalytic character of FRA oxidation is sho...	1,108
[Activity of polynucleotide phosphorylase in ribosomal fraction of rat liver].	A method of isolating polynucleotidephosphorylase (PNPase) containing polyribosome fraction from rat liver is described. PNPase is found to be bind to RNA in polyribosomes with weak electrostatic bonds which are easily broken down in a weak alkaline medium with ionic strength more than 0.1 beta-22P-labelled ADP, GDP, U...	1,115
Fluroxene toxicity induced by phenobarbital.	Because of reports of fluroxene toxicity in man, the effect of phenobarbital treatment on the toxicity and metabolism of fluroxene was studied in 9 rhesus monkeys. Six monkeys that were exposed to a mean calculated alveolar fluroxene concentration of 5.8% for 4-hr periods up to a total of 16 hr showed no evidence of to...	1,168
Plasma concentrations and the time-course of beta blockade due to propranolol.	The effectiveness of intravenously administered propranolol in antagonizing the chronotropic effect of isoproterenol and exercise has been investigated, and has been found at all times to be a predictable function of its plasma concentrations according to the classical drug-receptor theory for competitive antagonism. T...	1,169
Comparative biotransformation of triflubazam in rats, dogs, and monkeys.	The biotransformation of 14C-triflubazam (ORF 8063; 1-methyl-5-phenyl-7-trifluoromethyl-1H-1,5-benzodiazepin-2-4-[3H,5H]-dione) was investigated in rats, dogs, and monkeys. Urinary metabolites, representing 65, 74, and 87%, respectively, of the total urinary radioactivity excreted by these three species, were isolated ...	1,219
N-hydroxyamobarbital: the second major metabolite of amobarbital in man.	After oral administration of 14C-labeled amobarbital to healthy subjects, most of the radioactivity was recovered in urine and only 4-5% in feces over a period of 6 days. No unchanged amobarbital was excreted. Two major metabolites were found and isolated. One was 3'-hydroxyamobarbital, which has been previously identi...	1,222
The trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitors in chick peas (Cicer arietinum L.). Purification and properties of the inhibitors.	From a crude extract of chick peas (Cicer arietinum L.) inhibitors of trypsin and chymotrypsin were isolated by affinity chromatography on a column of trypsin-Sepharose 6B. The content of inhibitors was found to be 1.5 g/kg. They were further separated into six isoinhibitors by ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-Sepha...	1,266
Incorporation of (1-14C)palmitoyl-CoA into phosphatidylcholine by plasma membranes of rat submaxillary glands in vitro.	1. On incubation with the isolated rat submaxillary gland plasma membranes, [1-14C]palmitoyl-CoA was incorporated mainly into phosphatidylcholine and hydrolysed to [1-14C]palmitic acid and CoASH. 2. The addition of lysophosphatidylcholine enhanced the incorporation into phosphatidylcholine and lowered the hydrolysis of...	1,278
Analysis of skin grafts across the MSA-barrier in mice pretreated with sera from specifically or syngeeically grafted donors.	Prolonged survival of weakly incompatible skin allografts in mice (across the barrier presented by the MSA) can be induced by pretreating the recipients not only with a specific anti-MSA serum (obtained on day 5 after a single MSA-incompatible skin graft) but also be means of control serum obtained in a similar way fro...	1,295
Impaired Sertoli cell function in experimental cryptorchidism in the rat.	The production of testicular androgen-binding protein (ABP), as a measure of Sertoli cell function, was studied after unilateral or bilateral experimental cryptorchidism in adult rats. Two or 4 weeks after the testis had been translocated to the abdomen, no major changes were found in the concentration of ABP per mg pr...	1,296
The structures of the phytochrome chromophore in both photoreversible forms.	Spectral measurements of phytochrome are performed after unfolding of the peptide chain. By comparison with bile pigments of known structure, structure 1a, containing a hydrogenated ring A, is deduced for the PR chromophore. Its spectral properties indicate that the chromophore of the physiologically active PFR form ha...	1,334
Suppressor T cells and host resistance to tye 111 pneumococcus after treatment with antilymphocyte serum.	The antibody response to type III pneumococcal polysaccharide (SS-II) was significantly increased in mice treated with antilymphocyte serum (ALS). BALG/c mice given 0.25 ml of ALS on days -1, 0, and 1 relative to the days of immunization with 0.5 mug of SSS-II had a 20-fold increment (11,383 increased to 199,917) in th...	1,345
[Past and present aspects of diarrheal disease in childhood. Clinical study and treatment (author's transl)].	The etiologic and pathophysiologic findings described in the first part of this paper have important consequences: The recognition of the specific etiology of diarrhea requires new laboratory methods: most of these, however, are technically easy to perform and do not require a large laboratory. A long-ranging consequen...	1,346
Interaction of adrenergic antagonists with prostaglandin E2 and tetrahydrocannabinol in the eye.	Both alpha- and beta-adrenergic antagonists have been utilized in an atempt to discern the site of action of prostaglandin (PG) and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in the eye. Both alpha- and beta-adrenergic antagonists (alpha-antagonists, phentolamine and phenoxybenzamine; beta-antagonists, propranolol and sotalol) cuased ...	1,356
Altered nutritional requirements associated with mutations affecting the structures of ribonucleic acid polymerase in Lactobacillus casei.	Rifampin-resistant mutants were isolated from Lactobacillus casei S1 and examined for possible simultaneous alteration in nutritional properties. Among the 36 mutants obtained either spontaneously or after mutagenesis with 2-aminopurine, 22 were found to be altered with respect to the specific growth requirements. The ...	1,379
Derepression of certain aromatic amino acid biosynthetic enzymes of Escherichia coli K-12 by growth in Fe3+-deficient medium.	3-Deoxy-arabino-heptulosonic acid 7-phosphate synthase, prephenate dehydratase, tryptophan synthase, and 2,3-dihydroxybenzoylserine synthase enzyme activities are derepressed in wild-type Escherichia coli K-12 cells grown on Fe3+-deficient medium. This derepression is reversed when FeSO4 is added to the growth medium. ...	1,383
Effects of p-hydroxymercuribenzoate binding on the visible absorption spectrum of methemoglobin.	The binding of p-hydroxymercuribenzoate to human methemoglobin causes a perturbation of the visible heme abosrption spectrum which is expressed by an increase in absorbance in the high spin band regions, 480 to 510 nm and 590 to 640 nm, concomitant with a decrease in absorbance in the alpha- and beta-band absorption re...	1,392
High-resolution liquid chromatographic analysis of methylated purine and pyrimidine bases in transfer RNA.	Methylated and major purine and pyrimidine bases were separated and quantified by high-resolution liquid chromatography after hydrolyzing transfer ribonucleic acids (tRNAs). Separation was accomplished by eluting the hydrolyzed samples from an anion-exchange column with a concentration gradient of ammonium acetate at p...	1,412
Isolation of streptococcal nuclease B by batch adsorption.	A method has been developed for the preparation of streptococcal nuclease B by batch adsorpton to diethylaminoethyl-cellulose. The enzyme is homogeneous with respect to nuclease activity and is suitable for use as an antigen in measurement of anti-deoxyribonuclease B levels in sera.	1,418
Kinetics of the antibody response to type III pneumococcal polysaccharide (SSS-III). I. Use of 125I-labeled SSS-III to study serum antibody levels, as well as the distribution and excretion of antigen after immunization.	A simple method was described for the preparation of 125I-labeled type III neumococcal polysaccharide (SSS-III) with a high specific radioactivity which retained the physical and immunologic properties of native SSS-III. SSS-III was used to study the serum and tissue levels of antigen, as well as its excretion, after i...	1,445
Inhibition of the antibacterial activity of gentamicin by urine.	Urinary levels of antibiotics determine the outcome of treatment of most urinary tract infections. The antibacterial effect of gentamicin against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in urine was studied. With use of urinary constituents in concentrations normally found in human urine, it was shown that urine ha...	1,450
Production and purification of the gamma haemolysin of Staphylococcus aureus 'Smith 5R'.	The gamma haemolysin of Staphylococcus aureus 'Smith 5R' was produced on Dolman-Wilson agar overlain with cellophane. Maximal yields of crude lysin with titres of 2000 to 4000 haemolytic units/ml were obtained within 24 h at 37 degrees C in 10% (v/v) CO2 in air, on medium adjusted to pH 7-0. The crude lysin was purifie...	1,465
Elementary osmotic pump.	The elementary osmotic pump is a new delivery system for drugs or other active agents; it delivers the agent by an osmotic process at a controlled rate. Control resides in the: (a) water permeation characteristics of a semipermeable membrane surrounding the formulated agent, and (b) osmotic properties of the formulatio...	1,510
Transfer of gases and metabolites in the equine placenta: a comparison with other species.	Mares and fetuses with indwelling catheters in the umbilical and uterine vessels have been used to monitor transplacental blood gas tensions, pH, O2 affinities and the concentration of various metabolites in fetal and maternal blood during late gestation. Measurements of umbilical and uterine blood flows and arterio-ve...	1,529
Importance of the aromatic ring in adrenergic amines. 2. Synthesis and adrenergic activity of some nonaromatic six- and eight-membered ring analogs of beta-phenylethanolamine.	The synthesis of beta-phenylethanolamine analogs in which the phenyl ring is replaced by cyclohexyl, cyclohexen-4-yl, cyclooctyl, cyclooctenyl, cycloocta-1,3-dien-2-yl, cycloocta-1,5-dienyl, and cyclooctatetraenyl was accompanied by conversion of the corresponding aldehydes to the cyanohydrins followed by reduction wit...	1,534
Sodium bicarbonate administration during cardiac arrest. Effect on arterial pH PCO2, and osmolality.	Arterial pH, Pco2, and osmolality were determined serially during cardiac resuscitation in patients and in dogs, with and without administration of sodium bicarbonate. These studies demonstrate that (1) in the absence of preexisting acidosis, severe acidosis can be prevented by adequate ventilation alone; (2) sodium bi...	1,554
[Presence of foreign body in hand and foot, diagnosed too late].	On the basis of 7 years' material, the distribution of 73 foreign bodies - of non-metallic intensity - in the hand and the foot is discussed. The foreign bodies did not appear as new, fresh lesions, but they have been diagnosed after longer or shorter symptom-free state. In the case of fistulous process immediate remov...	1,592
[Infectious complications of primary osteosynthesis in aged patients].	In respect of iatrogenic infections the elderly patients are to be considered as endangered. Modern traumatology increases this danger in consequence of the foreign materials placed in the wounds. The role of the antibiotic and chemotherapeutic prophylaxis is of utmost importance. Regrettably, the resistance of the pyo...	1,594
Mosquito-borne arboviruses in arctic america.	Mosquito-borne arboviruses are prevalent throughout subarctic regions of Canada and Alaska, principally in the boreal forest extending between latitudes 53 and 66 degrees N, but they have been identified in tundra regions as far north as 70 degrees N. All mosquito-borne agents have been bunyaviruses, comprising princip...	1,602
[Stress incontinence in the woman (author's transl)].	The morphology and function of the urethrovesical junction are described to give some understanding of the pathogenesis and therapy of female stress incontinence. Conservative procedures can only be helpful in stage-1 stress incontinence, whereas in stage 2 surgical treatment provides excellent results.	1,609
Studies in vitro of lipogenesis in rat testicular tissue.	Testicular tissue was shown to contain the full complement of enzymes required for de novo synthesis of fatty acids. The enzymes capable of snythesizing palmitic acid from citrate, acetate, or acetyl CoA were found to be present in the soluble (cytoplasmic) fraction. These included fatty acid synthetase, acetyl CoA car...	1,621
[Development of Mycobacterium lacticolum and its synthesis of exopolysaccharide under conditions of varying acidity of the medium].	Mycobacterium lacticolum 121 grows and synthesizes exopolysaccharide at the initial values of pH of the medium from 5.0 to 11.5. The accumulation of biomass is maximal (10 to 12 gram/litre) at pH 6.0 to 11.5; the rate of growth is highest at pH 8.0 to 11.5. The largest amount of exopolysaccharide (2.0 to 2.4 gram/litre...	1,632
H+ transport and membrane-bound HCO - 3 ATPase in salivary duct epithelium.	An ATPase stimulated by HCO - ions and other oxybases and inhibited by SCN- has been found in main excretory duct of rat submaxillary gland, a tissue, capable of actively secreting HCO - 3 ions. No such ATPase was found in the rabbit duct, which normally does not secrete HCO - 3. The HCO - 3 ATPase was localized in th...	1,708
[Effect of cultivation conditions on the synthesis of citric and isocitric acids in Candida lipolytica on hexadecane medium].	The influence of aeration, pH and iron concentration on the growth of yeast C. lipolytica 704 on the hexadecane medium and on the synthesis of citric and isocitric acids was investigated. The yeast synthesized citric acids actively during intensive aeration. The acid formation was strongly dependent on the medium acidi...	1,720
[Effect of the composition of the nutrient medium on the synthesis of acid-fast alpha-amylase by different strains of Aspergillus].	The capacity of 86 strains of the Aspergillus fungus to synthesize acid stable alpha-amylase was examined. The strains of Asp. niger showing a high capacity of synthesizing the enzyme were isolated. Repeated cultivation of the selected cultures on the Minoda agar medium led to a 200% increase in the enzyme activity in ...	1,736
Neuronal properties of hybrid neuroblastoma X sympathetic ganglion cells.	Clonal mouse neuroblastoma cells without tyrosine 3-monooxygenase [EC 1.14.16.2; tyrosine hydroxylase; L-tyrosine, tetrahydropteridine:oxygen oxidoreductase (3-hydroxylating)] activity were fused with normal cells from embryonic mouse sympathetic ganglia. One of the 37 hybrid cell lines obtained possesses high tyrosine...	1,745
Guanylate cyclase and cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase activities in mammary glands of mice during pregnancy and lactation.	Guanylate cyclase and cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase activities were measured in homogenates of mammary glands from virgin, pregnant, and lactating mice. Guanylate cyclase activities increased 35% in mammary tissues during pregnancy, and a further 40% increase was observed during lactation. Cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase a...	1,796
The jumping mechanism of Xenopsylla cheopis. I. Exoskeletal structures and musculature.	The jumping apparatus of the flea, which includes highly modified direct and indirect flight muscles, is described: attention is drawn to the various specializations of the exoskeleton which stiffen the thorax and also provide the 'click' mechanism triggering take-off. A finger-like invagination of tall cells within th...	1,804
Drug-nucleic acid interaction: X-ray crystallographic determination of an ethidium-dinucleoside monophosphate crystalline complex, ethidium: 5-iodouridylyl(3'-5')adenosine.	The intercalative trypanosomal drug, ethidium bromide, forms a crystalline complex with the dinucleoside monophosphate, 5-iodiuridylyl(3'-5')adenosine (iodoUpA). These crystals are monoclinic, space group C2, with unit cell dimensions, a = 2.845 nm, b = 1.354 nm, c = 3.413 nm, beta = 98.6 degrees. The structure has bee...	1,810
Some metabolic approaches to improving myocardial performance during cardiac hypoxia.	Four possible metabolic approaches to improving cardiac function in the presence of myocardial hypoxia have been considered. 1. It appears that there is increasing evidence which suggests that free fatty acids are harmful to the ischemic heart. 2. Although it has been demonstrated that Krebs cycle intermediates can res...	1,830
Human erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase B and C in chronic obstructive lung disease.	The levels of carbonic anhydrase B and C isozymes in human red cells were determined using a quantitative immunological technique in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease. A significant increase in the level of carbonic anhydrase B was observed in these patients, while the level of carbonic anhydrase C did not...	1,869
[Hydrolysis of insoluble collagen of bull bones by Streptomyces griseus crystalline protease].	Hydrolysis of collagen was studied in the bull bone tissues by the Str. griseus crystalline protease. The amount of collagen hydrolyzed by it composed 6.6% and 16% after 4-hour and 6-hour hydrolysis, respectively. When the enzyme:substrate ratio is 1:50 hydrolysis proceeds most intensively; with a decrease in the ratio...	1,884
Bilateral testicular seminoma in intra-abdominal testes.	A seminoma of both intra-abdominal testes in a forty-five-year-old patient is reported. Discovery of the tumor was fortuitous during admission for upper lobe pneumonia. Of particular interest in this case is that seminoma was found in both undescended testes. Surgical extirpation of both degenerated testes along with p...	1,891
[Determination of GSH-DH activity (E.C.1.8.5.1) presence of the enzyme in different wheat varieties (author's transl)].	2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol is more stable in 75% ethanol than in aqueous solution and ascorbic acid reacts considerably faster in this media than glutathione. The activity determination of glutathione: dehydroascorbic acid oxidoreductase was based on these observations by a photometric measurement of the ascorbic ac...	1,914
[Comparative study of Aujeszky's disease virus reproduction in a suspension of poultry embryonic cells and tissues (author's transl)].	Reproduction of Aueski disease virus in suspension cultures of trysinized cells and mechanically minced tissue of chick, duck and quail embryos was compared. The optimal conditions for cultivation of vaccine and virulent strains of virus in these systems were determined. The advantages and prospects of using suspension...	1,907
Immunization against Q-fever of naturally infected dairy cows.	Dairy cows infected naturally with Coxiella burnetii as evidenced either by presence of phase II agglutinating antibodies in the blood or by shedding C. burnetii in the milk, were vaccinated subcutaneously with formalin-killed phase I C. burnetii organisms. Attempts to demonstrate C. burnetii in the milk of vaccinated ...	1,994
Biochemical and electrophoretic studies of erythrocyte pyridoxine kinase in white and black Americans.	The mean PNK activity in red blood cells from black subjects was only about 40% of that in whites. Among 51 whites examined, one was found to have enzyme deficiency. The estimated gene frequencies for PNKH (the common allele in whites which codes for higher enzyme activity) and PNKL (the common allele in blacks which c...	2,009
[Clinical and therapeutic problems posed by hangings. Apropos of 67 cases].	Starting from a collection of 67 cases of hanging taken over by the Anesthesia Resuscitation Department belonging to Reims Hospital University Centre, the authors report their clinical observations and make an analytical confrontation of this type of accident according to various criteria such as: - the initial physica...	2,063
[Effect of the phosphorus concentration on novobiocin formation by the producer Act. spheroides].	According to the literature data biosynthesis of novobiocin by Act. spheroides unlike other antibiotics does not practically depend on the phosphorus levels in the medium. In the present paper it is shown that production of novobiocin in natural media is sensitive to the concentration of mineral phosphorus in the mediu...	2,094
[Characteristics of the oxidative metabolism in strains with varying levels of fucidin biosynthesis].	Oxidative capacity of the fusidin-producing strains with various biosynthetic activity was studied comparatively. The studies showed that by their capacity to oxidize pyruvate and some metabolites of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (acetate, succinate, malate) the strains were arranged in the order reverse to their antibi...	2,097

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PubMed Abstracts Subset

This dataset contains a probabilistic sample of publicly available PubMed metadata sourced from the National Library of Medicine (NLM).

If you're looking for the precomputed embedding vectors (MedCPT) used in our work Efficient and Reproducible Biomedical Question Answering using Retrieval Augmented Generation, they are available in a separate dataset: slinusc/PubMedAbstractsSubsetEmbedded.

📄 Description

Each entry in the dataset includes:

title: Title of the publication
abstract: Abstract text
PMID: PubMed identifier

The dataset is split into 24 .jsonl files, each containing approximately 100,000 entries, for a total of ~2.39 million samples.

🔍 How to Access

▶️ Option 1: Load using Hugging Face `datasets` (streaming)

from datasets import load_dataset

dataset = load_dataset("slinusc/PubMedAbstractsSubset", streaming=True)

for doc in dataset:
    print(doc["title"], doc["abstract"])
    break

Streaming is recommended for large-scale processing and avoids loading the entire dataset into memory.

💾 Option 2: Clone using Git and Git LFS

git lfs install
git clone https://huggingface.co/datasets/slinusc/PubMedAbstractsSubset
cd PubMedAbstractsSubset

After cloning, run git lfs pull if needed to retrieve the full data files.

📦 Format

Each file is in .jsonl (JSON Lines) format, where each line is a valid JSON object:

{
  "title": "...",
  "abstract": "...",
  "PMID": 36464820
}

📚 Source and Licensing

This dataset is derived from public domain PubMed metadata (titles and abstracts), redistributed in accordance with NLM data usage policies.

Used in:
Stuhlmann et al. (2025), Efficient and Reproducible Biomedical QA using RAG, arXiv:2505.07917

https://github.com/slinusc/medical_RAG_system